Clin Exp Emerg Med.  2020 Dec;7(4):281-289. 10.15441/ceem.19.097.

Development of a modified trauma and injury severity score to predict disability in acute trauma patients

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
  • 2Laboratory of Emergency Medical Services, Seoul National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
  • 3Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
  • 4Department of Emergency Medicine, Dongkuk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
  • 5Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

Abstract


Objective
The Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS) has been used to predict trauma patient mortality and to assess the quality of trauma care systems. The goal of this investigation was to develop a modified trauma-related injury severity score (termed the TRISS-D) for predicting disability in acute trauma patients.
Methods
We used data collected by emergency medical services and entered into the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention severe trauma database. The TRISS-D was based on age category (0–14, 15–54, ≥55 years), the Revised Trauma Score, and the Injury Severity Score. The outcome measures were severe disability and worsening disability. Worsening disability was defined as a lower Glasgow Outcome Scale score at hospital discharge than before the traumatic incident. Two types of cases were examined: those with penetrating or blunt injuries (group 1) and those with severe head injuries (group 2). We assessed the discriminatory power of the TRISS-D by calculating the area under a receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC).
Results
The database comprised 14,791 patients; overall, 3,757 (25%) had severe disability and 6,018 (41%) had worsening disability. For severe disability, the AUROC (95% confidence interval) for the TRISS-D was 0.948 (0.944–0.952) in group 1 and 0.950 (0.946–0.954) in group 2. The corresponding values for worsening disability were 0.810 (0.803–0.817) and 0.816 (0.809–0.823), respectively.
Conclusion
The TRISS-D showed excellent discriminatory power for severe disability and very good discriminatory power for worsening disability.

Keyword

Trauma; Injury severity score; Disability evaluation
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