Int J Stem Cells.  2020 Nov;13(3):326-334. 10.15283/ijsc19157.

Hematopoietic Stem Cells Culture, Expansion and Differentiation: An Insight into Variable and Available Media

• Yadav P
• Vats R
• Bano A
• Bhardwaj R

• KMID: 2508906
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.15283/ijsc19157

Abstract

Owing to differentiation and self-renewal capacity, hematopoietic stem cells clasp potentiality to engender all blood cell types, leading to their immense competence to play a diverse role in therapeutic applications. Although these stem cells are the most investigated and exploited until now, further research is still essential to comprehend their nature, fate, and potential. Enhanced usage of hematopoietic stem cells in research and therapeutics intensified the requirement of expansion and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells under in vitro conditions. Since these cells remain in senescence for a prolonged period before isolation, selection of appropriate growth medium along with supplements and culture conditions are crucial to initiate their cell division and to designate their destiny. The precise equilibrium between self-renewal and differentiation of stem cells sustained by exclusive medium along with special growth or differentiation factors is accountable for generating diverse cell lineages. Maintenance of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell lines along with the advancement of research work generate an inexorable demand for production and commercialization of specialized stem cell culture media, with or without serum along with specific growth factors and supplements. Media commercialization for precise stem cell types, culturing and differentiation is a cost-effective developing field. Here in this review, we are assembling various types of hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal, expansion and differentiation media along with supplements and culture conditions, either developed and used by various scientists or are available commercially.

Keyword

Hematopoietic stem cell; Media; Culture; Self-renewal; Expansion; Differentiation; Growth factors; Proliferation; Fetal bovine serum

Figure

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  Fig. 1 HSCs differentiation into various lineages. (a) Neuronal differentiation using Methylcellulose (MCM) and α-MEM with Inter-leukin-3(IL-3), β-Mercaptoethanol (BM), 1% bovine serum albumin (BSA), sodium L-glutamine (Na L-G), human recombinant SCF, GM-CSF, 20% FBS, Gentamicin (Gent) and Retinoic acid (42). (b) Red Blood Cells (RBCs) differentiation using IMDM with L-Glutamine (L-G), L-monothioglycerol (L-MT), SCF., 1% Pen/Strep, 1% Human serum albumin (HAS), Ferric nitrate (FN), Transferrin (T), Hydrocortisone (HC), IL-3, Erythropoietin (EPO), Insulin (I) and BM-MSCs (43). (c) Endothelial Progenitor cells differentiation using IMDM and essential basal medium (EBM), SCF+, Flt-3 L, Thrombopoietin (TPO), IL-3, GM-CSF, Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Ascorbic acid (AA), heparin, Hydrocortisone (HC), IGF, EGF, Ferric nitrate (FN), L-GlutamineL-G and FGF (41). (d) Dendritic cells differentiation using RPMI-1640, L-GlutamineL-G, β-Mercaptoethanol (BM), Gentamicin (Gent), human recombinant (rh)-IL-4, rh-GM-CSF, rh-Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a) rh-IL-lα, IL-1β, c-kit, rh-IL-3, rh-M-CSF, rh-IL-2 (19).

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  Fig. 2 Pie chart depicting percentage distribution: various culture media for HSC proliferation, expansion and differentiation based on hematopoietic research papers included in this review.

Reference

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