Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab.  2020 Jun;25(2):80-83. 10.6065/apem.2040028.014.

Eating speed and the risk of type 2 diabetes: explorations based on real-world evidence

• Gudi SK

• KMID: 2503357
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.6065/apem.2040028.014

Abstract

Metabolic syndrome, especially diabetes, has gained global attention over the past few decades and became one of the major public health concerns. Alongside known and well-established risk factors, eating behaviors, mainly eating speed has shown the potential as one of the novel risk factors that could supplement the development of diabetes. However, there is a paucity in evidence, and only a few studies have addressed this question so far. In this review, with a focus on eating speed and the risk of developing diabetes, authors attempted to shed some light on the high-quality studies that were conducted around the world using real-world data in drawing inferences, which could add-on to the literature and assist public in making informed decisions.

Keyword

Diabetes; Diabetes; Metabolic syndrome; Metabolic syndrome; Eating behaviors; Eating behaviors; Blood glucose; Blood glucose; Insulin resistance; Insulin resistance

Reference

References

1. International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas. 9th edition [Internet]. Brussels (Belgium): International Diabetes Federation;2019. [cited 2020 Feb 15]. Available from: https://www.diabetesatlas.org.

2. The Global Diabetes Community. Diabetes prevalence [Internet]. Diabetes.co.uk - the global diabetes community; 2019 [cited 2020 Feb 15]. Available from: https://www.diabetes.co.uk/diabetes-prevalence.html.

3. Canadian Diabetes Association. Signs, risks & prevention [Internet]. Toronto (ON): Canadian Diabetes Association;2019. [cited 2020 Feb 15]. Available from: https://www.diabetes.ca/signs,-risks---prevention/risk-factors---assessments.

4. American Diabetes Association. Diabetes risk [Internet]. Arlington (VA): American Diabetes Association;20119. [cited 2020 Feb 15]. Available from: https://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-risk.

5. Radzevičienė L, Ostrauskas R. Fast eating and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a case-control study. Clin Nutr. 2013; 32:232–5.

6. Otsuka R, Tamakoshi K, Yatsuya H, Wada K, Matsushita K, OuYang P, et al. Eating fast leads to insulin resistance: findings in middle-aged Japanese men and women. Prev Med. 2008; 46:154–9.

7. Sakurai M, Nakamura K, Miura K, Takamura T, Yoshita K, Nagasawa SY, et al. Self-reported speed of eating and 7-year risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in middle-aged Japanese men. Metabolism. 2012; 61:1566–71.

8. Kudo A, Asahi K, Satoh H, Iseki K, Moriyama T, Yamagata K, et al. Fast eating is a strong risk factor for new-onset diabetes among the Japanese general population. Sci Rep. 2019; 9:8210.

9. Tao L, Yang K, Huang F, Liu X, Li X, Luo Y, et al. Association between self-reported eating speed and metabolic syndrome in a Beijing adult population: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2018; 18:855.

10. Yamaji T, Mikami S, Kobatake H, Kobayashi K, Tanaka H, Tanaka K. Slow down, you eat too fast: fast eating associate with obesity and future prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Circulation. 2017; 136:A20249.

11. Zhu B, Haruyama Y, Muto T, Yamazaki T. Association between eating speed and metabolic syndrome in a three-year population-based cohort study. J Epidemiol. 2015; 25:332–6.

12. Paz-Graniel I, Babio N, Mendez I, Salas-Salvadó J. Association between eating speed and classical cardiovascular risk factors: a cross-sectional study. Nutrients. 2019; 01. 4. 11(1):pii:E83. doi: 10.3390/nu11010083.

13. Barkeling B, King NA, Näslund E, Blundell JE. Characterization of obese individuals who claim to detect no relationship between their eating pattern and sensations of hunger or fullness. Int J Obes (Lond). 2007; 31:435–9.

14. Scheen AJ. From obesity to diabetes: why, when and who? Acta Clin Belg. 2000; 55:9–15.

15. Mattes RD, Considine RV. Oral processing effort, appetite and acute energy intake in lean and obese adults. Physiol Behav. 2013; 120:173–81.

16. Matsuki T, Horai R, Sudo K, Iwakura Y. IL-1 plays an important role in lipid metabolism by regulating insulin levels under physiological conditions. J Exp Med. 2003; 198:877–88.

17. Yamane M, Ekuni D, Mizutani S, Kataoka K, Sakumoto-Kataoka M, Kawabata Y, et al. Relationships between eating quickly and weight gain in Japanese university students: a longitudinal study. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2014; 22:2262–6.

18. Toyama K, Zhao X, Kuranuki S, Oguri Y, Kashiwa Kato E, Yoshitake Y, et al. The effect of fast eating on the thermic effect of food in young Japanese women. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2015; 66:140–7.