Child Kidney Dis.  2019 Apr;23(1):7-21. 10.3339/jkspn.2019.23.1.7.

Circulating Permeability Factors in Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome

• Ha TS

• KMID: 2448157
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3339/jkspn.2019.23.1.7

Abstract

Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a common chronic glomerular disease in children characterized by significant proteinuria with resulting hypoalbuminemia, edema, and hyperlipidemia. Renal biopsy findings of diffuse foot processes effacement on electron microscopy and minimal change disease, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), or diffuse mesangial proliferation on light microscopy. It has been speculated that circulating permeability factors would be implicated in the pathogenesis of NS because they have been reportedly detected in the sera of patients and in experimental models of induced proteinuria. Moreover, a substantial portion of the patients with primary FSGS recurrence shortly after transplantation. This report reviews the current knowledge regarding the role of circulating permeability factors in the pathogenesis of proteinuria in NS and suggests future targeted therapeutic approaches for NS.

Keyword

Nephrotic syndrome; Permeability Factors; Proteinuria; Minimal change disease; Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

MeSH Terms

Biopsy
Child
Edema
Foot
Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental
Humans
Hyperlipidemias
Hypoalbuminemia
Microscopy
Microscopy, Electron
Models, Theoretical
Nephrosis, Lipoid
Nephrotic Syndrome*
Permeability*
Proteinuria
Recurrence