J Pathol Transl Med.  2019 Jan;53(1):23-30. 10.4132/jptm.2018.10.12.

PLAG1, SOX10, and Myb Expression in Benign and Malignant Salivary Gland Neoplasms

• Lee JH
• Kang HJ
• Yoo CW
• Park WS
• Ryu JS
• Jung YS
• Choi SW
• Park JY
• Han N

• KMID: 2437575
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2018.10.12

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Recent findings in molecular pathology suggest that genetic translocation and/or overexpression of oncoproteins is important in salivary gland tumorigenesis and diagnosis. We investigated PLAG1, SOX10, and Myb protein expression in various salivary gland neoplasm tissues.
METHODS
A total of 113 cases of surgically resected salivary gland neoplasms at the National Cancer Center from January 2007 to March 2017 were identified. Immunohistochemical staining of PLAG1, SOX10, and Myb in tissue samples was performed using tissue microarrays.
RESULTS
Among the 113 cases, 82 (72.6%) were benign and 31 (27.4%) were malignant. PLAG1 showed nuclear staining and normal parotid gland was not stained. Among 48 cases of pleomorphic adenoma, 29 (60.4%) were positive for PLAG1. All other benign and malignant salivary gland neoplasms were PLAG1-negative. SOX10 showed nuclear staining. In normal salivary gland tissues SOX10 was expressed in cells of acinus and intercalated ducts. In benign tumors, SOX10 expression was observed in all pleomorphic adenoma (48/48), and basal cell adenoma (3/3), but not in other benign tumors. SOX10 positivity was observed in nine of 31 (29.0%) malignant tumors. Myb showed nuclear staining but was not detected in normal parotid glands. Four of 31 (12.9%) malignant tumors showed Myb positivity: three adenoid cystic carcinomas (AdCC) and one myoepithelial carcinoma with focal AdCC-like histology.
CONCLUSIONS
PLAG1 expression is specific to pleomorphic adenoma. SOX10 expression is helpful to rule out excretory duct origin tumor, but its diagnostic value is relatively low. Myb is useful for diagnosing AdCC when histology is unclear in the surgical specimen.

Keyword

Salivary gland neoplasms; Immunohistochemistry; Pleomorphic adenoma gene-1; SOX transcription factors; Oncogene proteins v-Myb

MeSH Terms

Adenoma
Adenoma, Pleomorphic
Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity
Carcinogenesis
Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic
Diagnosis
Immunohistochemistry
Oncogene Proteins
Oncogene Proteins v-myb
Parotid Gland
Pathology, Molecular
Salivary Gland Neoplasms*
Salivary Glands*
SOX Transcription Factors
Translocation, Genetic
Oncogene Proteins
Oncogene Proteins v-myb
SOX Transcription Factors

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1. Representative images of PLAG1 protein expression. (A) PLAG1 expression is not observed in the normal salivary gland parenchyme. (B) PLAG1 nuclear expression is observed in pleomorphic adenoma (myoepithelial cells). (C) PLAG1 expression is not observed in adenoid cystic carcinoma.

• 

  Fig. 2. Representative images of SOX10 protein expression. (A) SOX10 staining is not found in mucinous acinar cells. (B) SOX10 positivity is observed in adenoid cystic carcinoma. (C) SOX10 staining is not observed in mucoepidermoid carcinoma, low grade.

• 

  Fig. 3. Representative images of Myb protein expression. (A) Myb expression is not observed in the normal salivary gland parenchyme. (B) Myb positivity is observed in adenoid cystic carcinoma. (C) Myb protein is not observed in acinic cell carcinoma.

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