Clin Mol Hepatol.  2018 Mar;24(1):77-87. 10.3350/cmh.2017.0039.

Picroside II attenuates fatty acid accumulation in HepG2 cells via modulation of fatty acid uptake and synthesis

• Dhami-Shah H
• Vaidya R
• Udipi S
• Raghavan S
• Abhijit S
• Mohan V
• Balasubramanyam M
• Vaidya A

• KMID: 2429085
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2017.0039

Abstract

BACKGROUND/AIMS
Hepatic steatosis is caused by an imbalance between free fatty acids (FFAs) uptake, utilization, storage, and disposal. Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in FFAs accumulation and its modulation could drive the development of potential therapies for Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The aim of the current study was to explore the effects of picroside II, a phytoactive found in Picrorhiza kurroa, on fatty acid accumulation vis-à-vis silibinin, a known hepatoprotective phytoactive from Silybum marianum.
METHODS
HepG2 cells were loaded with FFAs (oleic acid:palmitic acid/2:1) for 20 hours to mimic hepatic steatosis. The FFAs concentration achieving maximum fat accumulation and minimal cytotoxicity (500 μM) was standardized. HepG2 cells were exposed to the standardized FFAs concentration with and without picroside II pretreatment.
RESULTS
Picroside II pretreatment inhibited FFAs-induced lipid accumulation by attenuating the expression of fatty acid transport protein 5, sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 and stearoyl CoA desaturase. Preatreatment with picroside II was also found to decrease the expression of forkhead box protein O1 and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase.
CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggest that picroside II effectively attenuated fatty acid accumulation by decreasing FFAs uptake and lipogenesis. Picroside II also decreased the expression of gluconeogenic genes.

Keyword

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; Picrorhiza kurroa; Picroside II; Reverse pharmacology; Silibinin

MeSH Terms

Fatty Acid Transport Proteins
Fatty Acids, Nonesterified
Hep G2 Cells*
Lipogenesis
Milk Thistle
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Phosphoenolpyruvate
Picrorhiza
Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase
Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1
Fatty Acid Transport Proteins
Fatty Acids, Nonesterified
Phosphoenolpyruvate
Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase
Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1