J Korean Acad Conserv Dent.  2007 Nov;32(6):491-497.

Comparison of apical sealing efficacies using different plugging depth in continuous wave of obturation technique

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea. golddent@pusan.ac.kr

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to compare apical sealing ability of continuous wave canal filling technique according to various heat source plugging depths. Eighty one extracted human premolars with straight root were cleaned and shaped to size 35 using .06 taper rotary NiTi file. After cleansing and shaping, the teeth were divided into 5 groups following the heat source probing depths from the apex; 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 mm. All specimens were filled using E&Q plus with #35 / .06 tapered gutta-percha cone. The positive control teeth were not filled. All teeth were coated with nail varnish except the apical 1 mm around the apical foramen. Negative control teeth were completely sealed include the apical foramen. All specimens were immersed in 1% methylene blue solution for 72 hours. Then the specimens were sectioned horizontally at 1, 2 and 3 mm from the root apex. Each sectioned surface was photographed using a digital camera attached to the stereomicroscope at 12.5 x 2.5 fold magnification. All points at 1, 2 and 3 mm were summed as final score of one specimen. Statistical analysis of the collected data was performed. Under the condition of this study, there was no significant difference between the heat source plugging depths of 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 mm in apical sealing ability. All of apical heat source plugging depth from 3 to 7 mm including Buchanan's protocol -from 5 to 7 mm- seems to be acceptable in clinical application.

Keyword

Continuous wave of obturation technique; dye leakage; heat source; plugging depth

MeSH Terms

Bicuspid
Gutta-Percha
Hot Temperature
Humans
Methylene Blue
Paint
Tooth
Tooth Apex
Gutta-Percha
Methylene Blue

Figure

  • Figure 1 Five-point scoring system at each level; Bold line means the dye leakage area.

  • Figure 2 Representative samples of each degree according to Five-point scoring system. A; 2 mm level of the specimen of 3 mm plugging depth, B; 3 mm level of the specimen of 5 mm plugging depth, C; 1 mm level of the specimen of 6 mm plugging depth, D; 1 mm level of the specimen of 7 mm plugging depth, E; 1 mm level of a specimen of positive control group


Reference

1. Schilder H. Filling root canals in three dimensions. Dent Clin North Am. 1967. 723–744.
Article
2. Dow PR, Ingle JI. Isotope determination of root canal failure. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1955. 8:1100–1104.
Article
3. Weine FS. The enigma of the lateral canal. Dent Clin North Am. 1984. 28:833–852.
4. Smith RS, Weller RN, Loushine RJ, Kimbrough WF. Effect of varying the depth of heat application on the adaptability of gutta-percha during warm vertical compaction. J Endod. 2000. 26:668–672.
Article
5. Khayat A, Lee SJ, Torabinejad M. Human saliva penetration of coronally unsealed obturated root canals. J Endod. 1993. 19:458–461.
Article
6. Trope M, Chow E, Nissan R. In vitro endotoxin penetration of coronally unsealed endodontically treated teeth. Endod Dent Traumatol. 1995. 11:90–94.
Article
7. Friedman S, Torneck CD, Komorowski R, Ouzounian Z, Syrtash P, Kaufman A. In vivo model for assessing the functional efficacy of endodontic filling materials and techniques. J Endod. 1997. 23:557–561.
Article
8. Yared GM, Bou Dagher F. Sealing ability of the vertical condensation with different root canal sealers. J Endod. 1996. 22:6–8.
Article
9. Pommel L, Camps J. In Vitro apical leakage of system B compared with other filling techniques. J Endod. 2001. 27:449–451.
Article
10. Lea CS, Apicella MJ, Mines P, Yancich PP, Parker MH. Comparison of the obturation density of cold lateral compaction versus warm vertical compaction using the continuous wave of condensation technique. J Endod. 2005. 31:37–39.
Article
11. Buchanan LS. Continuous wave of condensation technique. Dent Today. 1996. 15:60–62. 64–67.
12. Buchanan LS. Continuous wave of condensation technique. Endod Prac. 1998. 1:7–10. 13–16. 18
13. Guess GM, Edwards KR, Yang ML, Iqbal MK, Kim S. Analysis of Continuous-Wave Obturation Using a Single-cone and Hybrid Technique. J Endod. 2003. 29:509–512.
Article
14. Kim YJ, Hwang YC, Kim SH, Hwang IN, Choi BY, Jeong YJ, Juhng WN, Oh WM. Analysis of temperature rise on the root surface during continuous wave of condensation technique. J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2003. 28:341–347.
Article
15. Diemer F, Sinan A, Calas P. Penetration Depth of Warm Vertical gutta-percha pluggers: Impact of apical preparation. J Endod. 2006. 32:123–126.
Article
16. Weller RN, Kimbrough WF, Anderson RW. A comparison of thermoplastic obturation techniques: adaptation to the canal walls. J Endod. 1997. 23:703–706.
Article
17. Yared GM, Bou Dagher FE. Apical enlargement: influence on the sealing ability of the vertical compaction technique. J Endod. 1994. 20:313–314.
Article
18. Yared GM, Bou Dagher FE. Influence of plugger penetration on the sealing ability of vertical condensation. J Endod. 1995. 21:152–153.
Article
19. Bowman CJ, Baumgartner JC. Gutta-percha obturation of lateral grooves and depressions. J Endod. 2002. 28:220–223.
Article
20. Venturi M, Breschi L. Evaluation of apical filling after warm vertical gutta-percha compaction using different procedures. J Endod. 2004. 30:436–440.
Article
21. Gutmann JL. Adaptation of injected thermoplasticized gutta-percha in the absence of the dentinal smear layer. Int Endod J. 1993. 26:87–92.
Article
22. Bradshaw GG, Hall A, Edmunds DH. The sealing ability of injection-moulded thermoplasticized gutta-percha. Int Endod J. 1989. 22:17–20.
Article
23. McComb D, Smith DC. Comparison of physical properties of polycarboxylate-based and conventional root canal sealers. J Endod. 1976. 2:228–235.
Article
24. Whitworth JM, Baco L. Coronal Leakage of Sealer-Only Backfill: An In Vitro Evaluation. J Endod. 2005. 31:280–282.
25. Kim SY, Lee MJ, Moon JW, Lee SJ, Yu MK. An in-vitro evaluation of sealer placement methods in simulated root canal extensions. J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2005. 30:31–37.
Article
26. Baumgartner JC, Mader CL. A scanning electron microscopic evaluation of four root canal irrigation regimens. J Endod. 1987. 13:147–157.
Article
27. Villegas JC, Yoshioka T, Kobayashi C, Suda H. Obturation of accessory canals after four different final irrigation regimes. J Endod. 2002. 28:534–536.
Article
Full Text Links
  • JKACD
Actions
Cited
CITED
export Copy
Close
Share
  • Twitter
  • Facebook
Similar articles
Copyright © 2024 by Korean Association of Medical Journal Editors. All rights reserved.     E-mail: koreamed@kamje.or.kr