Imaging Sci Dent.  2016 Dec;46(4):251-258. 10.5624/isd.2016.46.4.251.

The effects of impacted premaxillary supernumerary teeth on permanent incisors

• Jung YH
• Kim JY
• Cho BH

• KMID: 2362743
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5624/isd.2016.46.4.251

Abstract

PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to examine the radiographic features associated with impacted premaxillary supernumerary teeth, to determine the relationship between their characteristics and their effects on permanent incisors, and to investigate the types of orthodontic treatment that patients received after the extraction of impacted supernumerary teeth.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The clinical records and radiographs of 193 patients whose impacted premaxillary supernumerary teeth were removed were retrospectively reviewed, and 241 impacted supernumerary teeth were examined. Cone-beam computed tomographic images and panoramic radiographs were examined to determine the number, location, sagittal position, orientation, and morphology of the supernumerary teeth. Their effects on permanent incisors and the orthodontic treatment received by patients after the extraction of the supernumeraries were also investigated.
RESULTS
Supernumerary teeth were most frequently observed in the central incisor region, in the palatal position, in the inverted orientation, and were most commonly conical in shape. The most common complication was median diastema, followed by displacement and delayed eruption of the adjacent incisors. Ten (71.4%) of the 14 odontomas showed delayed eruption of the adjacent incisors. Displacement of the incisors was more frequently observed in association with supernumerary teeth with tuberculate or supplemental shapes. Orthodontic traction was most frequently performed after the removal of odontomas. In 32 cases (13.3%), permanent incisors erupted after the orthodontic creation of sufficient space.
CONCLUSION
Median diastema was most common complication. The delayed eruption of incisors was common in supernumerary teeth with a vertical orientation and an odontoma shape.

Keyword

Maxilla; Tooth, Supernumerary; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

MeSH Terms

Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
Diastema
Humans
Incisor*
Maxilla
Odontoma
Retrospective Studies
Tooth, Supernumerary*
Traction

Figure

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  Fig. 1 The location of unerupted premaxillary supernumeraries on panoramic radiographs is classified into 4 regions such as midline (A), central incisor (B), lateral incisor (C), and interdental area between the central and lateral incisor (D).

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  Fig. 2 The sagittal position of unerupted premaxillary supernumerary teeth relative to the permanent incisors is classified into 3 positions such as palatal (A), central (B), and labial (C).

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  Fig. 3 The orientation of unerupted supernumerary teeth is classified into 4 directions such as vertical (A), inverted (B), transverse (C), and horizontal (D).

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  Fig. 4 The morphology of unerupted supernumerary teeth is classified into 4 shapes such as conical (A), tuberculate (B), odontoma (C), and supplemental (D).

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  Fig. 5 The effects of premaxillary supernumerary teeth on permanent incisors are median diastema (A), delayed eruption (B), displacement (C), rotation (D), and resorption (E).

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