Analysis of Immediate-Spin Crossmatched Blood for Emergency Transfusions

Kim, Shin Won; Lim, Young Ae

Abstract

Backgroud: To evaluate the appropriateness of the requests of the emergency transfusions, 3 year experiences in the use of the immediate-spin crossmatched blood(ISMB) for emergency transfusions in tertiary hospital were reviewed.
METHODS
Low-isotonic salt solution was used as a cell suspension and crossmatchings were continued including antiglobulin phase after issuing of the ISMB. The number of cases, the issuing time, sex, age, reasons for emergency transfusions and vital signs of the patients were retrospectively reviewed. Only cases of massive transfusions and classes III and IV according to the Advanced Trauma Life Support(ATLS) classification were considered appropriate.
RESULTS
1. The total number of emergency transfusions were 614 and 0.53 cases per day. The average age of the patients was 44.7+/-17.8 and male to female ratio was 2:1. And 357 cases(58.2%) were performed during off hours when the hospital was not fully staffed. 2. Six hundred thirteen cases(99.8%) were transfused with compatible blood. However, one case(0.2%) was found to have anti-E antibody during the emergency transfusion. 3. Massive transfusion was performed only in 32% of the total cases and the reasons of emergency transfusions in remaining cases were upper gastrointestinal bleeding(53%), trauma(19.2%) and obstetrical problems(16.8%). 4. Of the total 519 cases reviewed, 392 cases(75.5%) were considered appropriately, and 127 cases(24.5%) were considered inappropriately selected for emergency transfusions.
CONCLUSIONS
One fourth of emergency transfusions was found to be inappropriate. We believe that the use of ISMB for emergency transfusions should be carefully requested by physicians and educational programs for the use of ISMB is clearly indicated for emergency transfusion management.