Korean J Anesthesiol.  2015 Jun;68(3):267-273. 10.4097/kjae.2015.68.3.267.

The effect of combination treatment using palonosetron and dexamethasone for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting versus dexamethasone alone in women receiving intravenous patient-controlled analgesia

• Ryoo SH
• Yoo JH
• Kim MG
• Lee KH
• Kim SI

• KMID: 2148692
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4097/kjae.2015.68.3.267

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of palonosetron combined with dexamethasone for the prevention of PONV compared to dexamethasone alone in women who received intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV-PCA) using fentanyl.
METHODS
In this randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study, 204 healthy female patients who were scheduled to undergo elective surgery under general anesthesia followed by IV-PCA for postoperative pain control were enrolled. Patients were divided into two groups: the PD group (palonosetron 0.075 mg and dexamethasone 5 mg IV; n = 102) and the D group (dexamethasone 5 mg IV; n = 102). The treatments were given after the induction of anesthesia. The incidence of nausea, vomiting, severity of nausea, and the use of rescue anti-emetics during the first 48 hours after surgery were evaluated.
RESULTS
The incidence of PONV was significantly lower in the PD group compared with the D group during the 0-24 hours (43 vs. 59%) and 0-48 hours after surgery (45 vs. 63%) (P < 0.05). The severity of nausea during the 6-24 hours after surgery was significantly less in the PD group compared with the D group (P < 0.05). The incidence of rescue antiemetic used was significantly lower in the PD group than in the D group during the 0-6 hours after surgery (13.1 vs. 24.5%) (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Palonosetron combined with dexamethasone was more effective in preventing PONV compared to dexamethasone alone in women receiving IV-PCA using fentanyl.

Keyword

Dexamethasone; Palonosetron; Postoperative nausea and vomiting

MeSH Terms

Analgesia, Patient-Controlled*
Anesthesia
Anesthesia, General
Antiemetics
Dexamethasone*
Female
Fentanyl
Humans
Incidence
Nausea
Pain, Postoperative
Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting*
Vomiting
Antiemetics
Dexamethasone
Fentanyl