Korean J Med.
1998 Apr;54(4):488-493.
A Clinical Study and Prognostic Factors for Short-term Survival of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia in Patients with AIDS
- Affiliations
-
- 1Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Pusan National University.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia(PCP) is
one of the most common life-threatening opportunistic
infections in patients with acquired immunodeficiency
syndrome(AIDS). This study reports the clinical charac
teristics of PCP in the patients with AIDS and prognostic
factors for short-term survival of them.
METHODS
We investigated 43 patients of AIDS to
evaluate the frequency of PCP in patients in AIDS by
retrospective analysis, and classified the 17 patients with
PCP into survivors and non-survivors to compare epide
miology, clinical characteristics and laboratory findings.
We also analyzed whether the these findings influenced
the short-term survival in patients with PCP that was
combined with AIDS.
RESULTS
In this retrospective study of 43 patients of
AIDS, the frequency of PCP in AIDS patients was
relatively high as 17 patients(39%), of whom eight pa
tients(47%) died of PCP. The epidemiologic findings such
as age, route of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)
infection and co-existing disease were not significantly
different between survivors and non-survivors. Coughing
was the most common symptom and bilateral infiltrates
of lung was the most common form in the chest X-ray
examination. But these clinical features were similar in
the both groups. Total lymphocyte count, CD4 cell count,
serum albumin level and arterial oxygen tension were
decreased and serum LDH was increased in patients with
PCP that was the first episode in patients with AIDS.
Lymphocyte and CD4 cell count were significantly lower
in the non-survivor group (p=.002 and p=.03, respec
tively). Survivors had higher serum albumin level and
arterial oxygen tension than non-survivors (p=.02 and
p=.04, respectively). And non-survivors were found to
have higher serum LDH level than survivors (p=.02).
CONCLUSION
Lymphocyte and CD4 cell counts, serum
albumin and LDH, and arterial oxygen tension may be
considered as the prognostic factors for short-term sur
vival of patients with PCP that is combined with AIDS.