Yonsei Med J.  2014 May;55(3):739-745. 10.3349/ymj.2014.55.3.739.

Diagnostic Yield of Bronchial Washing Fluid Analysis for Hemoptysis in Patients with Bronchiectasis

• Park JH
• Kim SJ
• Lee AR
• Lee JK
• Kim J
• Lim HJ
• Cho YJ
• Park JS
• Yoon HI
• Lee JH
• Lee CT
• Lee SW

• KMID: 2068685
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2014.55.3.739

Abstract

PURPOSE
Bronchiectasis is the main cause of hemoptysis. When patients with bronchiectasis develop hemoptysis, clinicians often perform bronchoscopy and bronchial washing to obtain samples for microbiological and cytological examinations. Bronchial washing fluids were analyzed from patients with bronchiectasis who developed hemoptysis, and the clinical impacts of these analyses were examined.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A retrospective observational study of patients who underwent fiberoptic bronchoscopy for hemoptysis in Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, a university affiliated tertiary referral hospital, between January 2006 and December 2010 were reviewed. Among them, patients who had bronchiectasis confirmed by computed tomography and had no definite cause of hemoptysis other than bronchiectasis were reviewed. The demographic characteristics, bronchoscopy findings, microbiological data, pathology results and clinical courses of these patients were retrospectively reviewed.
RESULTS
A total of 130 patients were reviewed. Bacteria, non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), and Mycobacterium tuberculosis were isolated from bronchial washing fluids of 29.5%, 21.3%, and 0.8% patients, respectively. Suspected causal bacteria were isolated only from bronchial washing fluid in 19 patients, but this analysis led to antibiotics change in only one patient. Of the 27 patients in whom NTM were isolated from bronchial washing fluid, none of these patients took anti-NTM medication during the median follow-up period of 505 days. Malignant cells were not identified in none of the patients.
CONCLUSION
Bronchial washing is a useful method to identify microorganisms when patients with bronchiectasis develop hemoptysis. However, these results only minimally affect clinical decisions.

Keyword

Bronchiectasis; hemoptysis; bronchial washing; bronchoscopy

MeSH Terms

Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Bronchiectasis/*complications/microbiology
Bronchoscopy
Female
Hemoptysis/*diagnosis/etiology/microbiology
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Retrospective Studies

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