J Korean Med Assoc.  2011 Dec;54(12):1269-1276. 10.5124/jkma.2011.54.12.1269.

Radiation exposure and its reduction in the fluoroscopic examination and fluoroscopy-guided interventional radiology

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Radiology, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Korea. jeongwk@hanyang.ac.kr

Abstract

Radiation exposure during fluoroscopy has been of consistent interest because fluoroscopy is used not only for diagnostic purposes such as upper gastrointestinal series but for many minimally-invasive treatments in various clinical fields. In 2000, the International Commission on Radiological Protection published the important report about the avoidance of radiation injuries from medical interventional procedures, and this report defined harm during fluoroscopic-guided interventional procedure and how to reduce the radiation dose of patients and staff. Two aspects of fluoroscopy exposure differ from other types of medical radiation exposure, including computed tomography. One is that the entrance surface dose during an interventional procedure may be very high, so the deterministic effects of radiation such as skin or corneal injury should be emphasized more than stochastic effects such as cancer risk. The other is that the variation in radiation exposure is great for the same kind of procedure, so it is very difficult to generate a reference level for the radiation dose. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a guideline for the use of fluoroscopy through a nationwide survey about irradiation during fluoroscopic examinations and fluoroscopy-guided intervention procedures. In conclusion, radiation exposure by fluoroscopic guided intervention is not negligible, and the practitioner should always aim to reduce radiation exposure during interventional procedures.

Keyword

Radiation dosage; Fluoroscopy; Interventional radiography; Radiation monitoring; Radiation skin injury

MeSH Terms

Fluoroscopy
Humans
Radiation Dosage
Radiation Injuries
Radiation Monitoring
Radiography, Interventional
Radiology, Interventional
Skin

Figure

  • Figure 1 Fixed reference point. DAP, dose-area product.

  • Figure 2 Kerma (dose)-area product. DAP1, dose-area product at the upper position; d1, radiation dose at the upper position; a1, irradiated area at the upper position; DAP2, dose-area product at the lower position; d2, radiation dose at the lower position; a2, irradiated area at the lower position.


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