J Korean Soc Radiol.  2010 May;62(5):483-490. 10.3348/jksr.2010.62.5.483.

Micro-CT Arthrographic Analysis of Monosodium Iodoacetate-Induced Osteoarthritis in Rat Knees

• Kwon JW
• Kang HS
• Hong SH

• KMID: 2002958
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3348/jksr.2010.62.5.483

Abstract

PURPOSE
To evaluate the arthrographic findings of MIA-induced osteoarthritis in rat knees using the micro-CT arthrography.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Intra-articular monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) injection-induced arthritis was induced in the right knees of twelve rats; their left knees served as the control group. Eight weeks after MIA injection, micro-CT arthrography was performed on each knee. We measured the thickness of retro-patellar cartilages, the distances of tibio-femoral joint space, subchondral bone plate thickness, tibial epiphyseal height, and transverse patellar diameter. Subchondral trabecular bone indices were measured in the tibial lateral condylar epiphysis. The data were analyzed statistically using a paired t-test.
RESULTS
The retro-patellar articular cartilage showed thinning on the right side that had been induced to develop osteoarthritis. The right knees showed a significant reduction in the distance of the tibio-femoral joint space, prominent patellar osteophytes, and the resorption of subchondral bone. Among the subchondral trabecular bone indices, percent bone volume, and trabecular thickness was reduced on the right side.
CONCLUSION
The articular cartilage thickness of MIA-induced arthritis model could be measured using micro-CT arthrography. It was possible to evaluate the osteoarthritic findings including the change in subchondral bone plate thickness, osteophyte formation, and subchondral bone resorption, as well as quantitatively analyze the trabecular bone indices.

MeSH Terms

Animals
Arthritis
Arthrography
Bone Plates
Bone Resorption
Cartilage
Cartilage, Articular
Epiphyses
Joints
Knee
Osteoarthritis
Osteophyte
Rats
X-Ray Microtomography

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Measurement of retropatellar cartilage thickness, joint space of tibio-femoral joint and height of tibial epiphysis. A. Micro-CT arthrographic image shows three locations for measurement of retropatellar cartilage thickness in axial plane that are labeled 'Medial', 'Center', and 'Lateral'. B. Micro-CT arthrographic image shows three locations for measurement of retropatellar cartilage thickness in sagittal plane that are labeled 'Upper', 'Middle', and 'Lower'. C. Coronal reconstruction of micro-CT arthrographic images shows location of measurement of joint space of medial tibiofemoral joint (arrowheads) and height of lateral tibial epiphysis (arrow).

• 

  Fig. 2 A. A cylindrical VOI is defined at lateral tibial epiphysis at CT Analyser program window. B. 3D trabecular indices are measured with CT Analyser program.

• 

  Fig. 3 Micro-CT arthrographic finding of MIA-induced osteoarthritis in rat A. Micro-CT arthrographic image shows irregular thinning of retropatellar cartilage (black arrow) and prominent osteophyte of patella (white arrow). B. Sagittal reconstruction of micro-CT arthrographic image shows resorption of subchondral bone plates of patello-femoral joint (arrows). C. Coronal reconstruction of micro-CT arthrographic image shows bony resorption of intercondylar notch of tibia and lateral margin of medial femoral condyle. There is no definitive marginal osteophyte in tibio-femoral joint (arrows).

Reference

1. Felson DT, Lawrence RC, Dieppe PA, Hirsch R, Helmick CG, Jordan JM, et al. Osteoarthritis: new insights. Part 1: the disease and its risk factors. Ann Intern Med. 2000; 133:635–646.

2. Bendele A, McComb J, Gould T, McAbee T, Sennello G, Chlipala E, et al. Animal models of arthritis: relevance to human disease. Toxicol Pathol. 1999; 27:134–142.

3. Guingamp C, Gegout-Pottie P, Philippe L, Terlain B, Netter P, Gillet P. Mono-iodoacetate-induced experimental osteoarthritis: a dose-response study of loss of mobility, morphology, and biochemistry. Arthritis Rheum. 1997; 40:1670–1679.

4. Janusz MJ, Hookfin EB, Heitmeyer SA, Woessner JF, Freemont AJ, Hoyland JA, et al. Moderation of iodoacetate-induced experimental osteoarthritis in rats by matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2001; 9:751–760.

5. Guzman RE, Evans MG, Bove S, Morenko B, Kilgore K. Monoiodoacetate-induced histologic changes in subchondral bone and articular cartilage of rat femorotibial joints: an animal model of osteoarthritis. Toxicol Pathol. 2003; 31:619–624.

6. Batiste DL, Kirkley A, Laverty S, Thain LM, Spouge AR, Gati JS, et al. High-resolution MRI and micro-CT in an ex vivo rabbit anterior cruciate ligament transection model of osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2004; 12:614–626.

7. Nagele E, Kuhn V, Vogt H, Link TM, Muller R, Lochmuller EM, et al. Technical considerations for microstructural analysis of human trabecular bone from specimens excised from various skeletal sites. Calcif Tissue Int. 2004; 75:15–22.

8. Roemer FW, Mohr A, Lynch JA, Meta MD, Guermazi A, Genant HK. Micro-CT arthrography: a pilot study for the ex vivo visualization of the rat knee joint. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2005; 184:1215–1219.

9. Vande Berg BC, Lecouvet FE, Poilvache P, Jamart J, Materne R, Lengele B, et al. Assessment of knee cartilage in cadavers with dual-detector spiral CT arthrography and MR imaging. Radiology. 2002; 222:430–436.

10. Bove SE, Calcaterra SL, Brooker RM, Huber CM, Guzman RE, Juneau PL, et al. Weight bearing as a measure of disease progression and efficacy of anti-inflammatory compounds in a model of monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2003; 11:821–830.

11. van der Kraan PM, Vitters EL, van de Putte LB, van den Berg WB. Development of osteoarthritic lesions in mice by “metabolic” and “mechanical” alterations in the knee joints. Am J Pathol. 1989; 135:1001–1014.

12. Radin EL, Rose RM. Role of subchondral bone in the initiation and progression of cartilage damage. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1986; 34–40.

13. Grynpas MD, Alpert B, Katz I, Lieberman I, Pritzker KP. Subchondral bone in osteoarthritis. Calcif Tissue Int. 1991; 49:20–26.

14. Li B, Marshall D, Roe M, Aspden RM. The electron microscope appearance of the subchondral bone plate in the human femoral head in osteoarthritis and osteoporosis. J Anat. 1999; 195:101–110.

15. Day JS, Ding M, van der Linden JC, Hvid I, Sumner DR, Weinans H. A decreased subchondral trabecular bone tissue elastic modulus is associated with pre-arthritic cartilage damage. J Orthop Res. 2001; 19:914–918.

16. Bobinac D, Spanjol J, Zoricic S, Maric I. Changes in articular cartilage and subchondral bone histomorphometry in osteoarthritic knee joints in humans. Bone. 2003; 32:284–290.

17. Ding M, Odgaard A, Hvid I. Changes in the three-dimensional microstructure of human tibial cancellous bone in early osteoarthritis. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2003; 85:906–912.

18. Botter SM, van Osch GJ, Waarsing JH, van der Linden JC, Verhaar JA, Pols HA, et al. Cartilage damage pattern in relation to subchondral plate thickness in a collagenase-induced model of osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2008; 16:506–514.

19. Badger AM, Griswold DE, Kapadia R, Blake S, Swift BA, Hoffman SJ, et al. Disease-modifying activity of SB 242235, a selective inhibitor of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, in rat adjuvant-induced arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2000; 43:175–183.

20. Kamibayashi L, Wyss UP, Cooke TD, Zee B. Trabecular microstructure in the medial condyle of the proximal tibia of patients with knee osteoarthritis. Bone. 1995; 17:27–35.

21. Patel V, Issever AS, Burghardt A, Laib A, Ries M, Majumdar S. MicroCT evaluation of normal and osteoarthritic bone structure in human knee specimens. J Orthop Res. 2003; 21:6–13.