Kosin Med J.  2013 Dec;28(2):107-113. 10.7180/kmj.2013.28.2.107.

Preventive and Therapeutic Effects of Anisakis simplex Larval Protein in a Mouse Model of Crohn'S Disease

• Cha HJ
• Ock MS

• KMID: 1993568
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.2013.28.2.107

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Some helminths have been known to have a treatment effect in inflammatory bowel diseases, including Crohn's disease (CD); however, live parasite therapy can cause unwanted side effects. To develop a safe therapeutic, we investigated the preventive or therapeutic potential of proteins from the third stage larva of A. simplex in a mouse model. We also analyzed the cytokine profile from splenic and mesenteric lymph node lymphocytes to elucidate the underlying immunological mechanism.
METHODS
CD was induced in mice with DSS, and the effect of an A. simplex larval protein on CD was assessed. A change in body weight and DAI (disease activity index) were observed in mice. The expression levels of cytokines from mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) compared to splenic lymphocytes were measured with ELISA.
RESULTS
Peritoneal administration of preventive and therapeutic A. simplex larval proteins attenuated DSS-induced CD by a reduction of the DAI and weight loss. A shortening of colon length was more definitely observed in the therapeutic group than in the preventive group. The cytokine expression levels were more obvious in lymphocytes from mesenteric lymph nodes than from splenic lymphocytes.
CONCLUSIONS
Taken together, these results suggest that A. simplex proteins can change cytokine profiles and may have a preventive effect in DSS-induced CD mice.

Keyword

Anisakis simplex; Crohn's disease; Cytokine; Prevention

MeSH Terms

Animals
Anisakis*
Body Weight
Colon
Crohn Disease*
Cytokines
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Helminths
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Larva
Lymph Nodes
Lymphocytes
Mice*
Parasites
Weight Loss
Cytokines

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1. Changes in body weight in each group of mice. SP + DSS and ES + DSS groups are preventive groups; DSS + SP and DSS + ES groups are therapeutic groups. The average body weight was higher in the preventive groups than in the therapeutic groups.

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  Fig. 2. DAI’s were measured daily during the experimental period in each group of mice. SP + DSS and ES + DSS groups are preventive groups; DSS + SP and DSS + ES group are therapeutic groups.

• 

  Fig. 3. The representative colon from each group of mice. (C) control group, (D) DSS-treated group, (A) preventive group, (B) therapeutic group. The colons of the mice in the preventive group maintained their original length.

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  Fig. 4. Cytokine profile of splenic and lymph node lymphocytes. Expression levels of IL-α (A), IL-1β (B), IL-2 (C), and IFN-γ (D) were measured with ELISA after administration of A. simplex protein. C; control, DSS; DSS only, Asp and Aes denotes preventive group injected with SP (somatic protein) and ES (excretory-secretory) protein.

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