Korean J Gastroenterol.
2003 Apr;41(4):316-320.
A Case of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Presenting with Four Paraneoplastic Syndromes such as Hypercholesterolemia, Hypoglycemia, Hypercalcemia, and Erythrocytosis
- Affiliations
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- 1Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. kimbh@khmc.or.kr
- 2Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Abstract
- In Korea, hepatocellular carcinoma is a common malignancy. Hypercholesterolemia, hypoglycemia, hypercalcemia, and erythrocytosis are well known as paraneoplastic manifestations of hepatocellular carcinoma. Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma presenting with two or three paraneoplastic syndromes have been reported worldwide. However, patients presenting with four paraneoplastic syndromes simultaneously are very rare and have not been previously reported in Korea. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case in Korea. We report this rare case with review of related literature and discuss the clinical significance of these paraneoplastic manifestations in hepatocellular carcinoma.
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