Korean J Lab Med.  2011 Jul;31(3):212-218. 10.3343/kjlm.2011.31.3.212.

Individual Variation in Growth Factor Concentrations in Platelet-rich Plasma and Its Influence on Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

• Cho HS
• Song IH
• Park SY
• Sung MC
• Ahn MW
• Song KE

• KMID: 1735857
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3343/kjlm.2011.31.3.212

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The objective of this study was to explore whether individual variations in the concentration of growth factors (GFs) influence the biologic effects of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on human mesenchymal stem cells (HMSCs).
METHODS
The concentrations of 7 representative GFs in activated PRP (aPRP) were measured using ELISA. The effects of PRP on the proliferation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of HMSCs were examined using several concentrations of aPRP from 3 donors; the relationships between the GF levels and these biologic effects were then evaluated using 10% aPRP from 5 subgroups derived from 39 total donors. HMSCs were cultured in DMEM with the addition of aPRP for 4 or 12 days; then, DNA content and ALP activity were measured.
RESULTS
The quantity of DNA increased significantly at a 10% concentration of aPRP, but the ALP activity was suppressed at this concentration of aPRP. The GF concentrations varied among donors, and 5 subgroups of characteristic GF release patterns were identified via cluster analysis. DNA levels differed significantly between groups and tended to be higher in groups with higher concentrations of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) and platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs). DNA quantity was positively correlated with TGF-beta1 concentration, and was negatively correlated with donor age. ALP activity was negatively correlated with PDGF-BB concentration.
CONCLUSIONS
The varying GF concentrations may result in different biologic effects; thus, individual differences in GF levels should be considered for reliable interpretation of the biologic functions and standardized application of PRP.

Keyword

Platelet-rich plasma; Mesenchymal stem cells; Growth factors; Transforming growth factor-beta1; Platelet-derived growth factor-BB

MeSH Terms

Alkaline Phosphatase/metabolism
Blood Donors
Cell Differentiation
Cells, Cultured
Culture Media/chemistry
DNA/analysis
Humans
Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/*pharmacology
Mesenchymal Stem Cells/*cytology/drug effects
Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/pharmacology
Platelet-Rich Plasma/*metabolism
Transforming Growth Factor beta1/pharmacology

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 The DNA concentration (A) and ALP activity (B) of human mesenchymal stem cells after the addition of 1%, 3%, 10%, and 30% activated PRP or activated PPP. Each value is the mean of 3 donors, with the error bar showing one standard deviation (*P<0.05; **P<0.01 compared with control).Abbreviations: ALP, alkaline phosphatase; PRP, platelet-rich plasma; PPP, platelet-poor plasma.

• 

  Fig. 2 Quantification of growth factors in activated PRP and activated PPP (P<0.05 between PRP and PPP, except for IGF-1).Abbreviations: TGF-β1, transforming growth factor-β1; PDGF, platelet-derived growth factor; IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor-1; FGF-b, fibroblast growth factor-basic; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor.

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