The Clinical Effect of Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor to the Leukopenia during Chemotherapy in the Patients with Gynecologic Malignancies

Roh, Jae Sook; Cho, Sam Hyun; Kim, Kyug Tai; Cho, Soo Hyun; Hwang, Youn Yeung; Moon, Hyung; Lee, Jai Auk

Abstract

The recent introduction of chemotherapy in the treatment of gynecological malignancies has gained wide acceptance along with prstoperative and prostperative adjuvant therapy and with preradiation and concurrent chemoradiation therapy. But, the side effects of chemotherapy including bleeding and infection due to, bone marrow suppression have reaulted in delayed treatment and a reduction in the chemotherspeutic agent used. Recent efforts overcome this bone marrow suppression have led to development of the various human colony-stimulating factor indluding recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. The author investigated the clinical benefita and toxicity of G-CSF used during chemotherapy of various gynecological malignancies at the Departent of Obstetrics & Gynecology at Hanyang University between August, 1991 and July, 1992. The results were as follows ; 1. An increase in the number of neutrophils following a single injection of G-CSF was noted in 19 out of 21 cases(600~1,000/mm3 before injection, 4,500~12,000/mm3 after injection). The remaining 2 cases showed an increase after 3~5 continuous injections. 2. To assess the increase in neutrophils according to the dosage of G-CSF given, 100 and 300microgram/m* of G-CSF were injected in each trial of chemotherapy in a single case of ovarian cancer. The results were a 1.5 time increase when injected when injected with 300microgram/m*. 3. After injecting into a patient with recurrent endometrial cancer who was managed with 15gm of ifosfamide, 50gm of cis-platinum, 50gm of adriamycin and 3gm of mesna following surgery, no evidence of neutropenia could be found after 4days of prophylactic G-CSF injections. 4. Patients with cervix cancer with metastasis to the lung were first treated with GM-CSF in one trial and G-CSF in the nest. Patients treated with Gm-CSF for a period of 7 days showed leukocytosis(3,600/mm3) but the number was reduced to 1,400/mm3 after 7 days. On the other hand, patients treated with G-CSF showed an increase of 5,700/mm3 within one day and this figure did not decrease until 20 days later. 5. The toxic effects of G-CSF included on case of severe back pain was easily managed by administration acetaminophen. Others were headache, chills, general weakness and redness of the oral mucosa and injection area. Most of these symptoms disappeared within 2 days. The G-CSF is effective in neutropenia during chemotherapy thereby decreasing the incidence of treatment delay or dose reduction. It also increases the amount of chemotherapeutic agent administered and its toxicity is more tolerable making a rigid systemic chemotherapeutic regime possible.

The Clinical Effect of Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor to the Leukopenia during Chemotherapy in the Patients with Gynecologic Malignancies

Abstract

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