J Korean Gastric Cancer Assoc.
2003 Sep;3(3):151-157.
Ex Vivo 1H MR Spectroscopy: Normal gastric and cancer tissue
- Affiliations
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- 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Inje University, Korea. mcw@bse.inje.ac.kr
- 2Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Pusan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Korea.
- 3Graduate School of Medical Imaging Science, College of Medicine, Inje University, Korea.
- 4Department of Diagnostic Radiology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Korea.
- 5Department of Pathology, Inje University Paik Hospital, Korea.
- 6Paik-Inje Memorial Institute, Korea.
- 7NMR Laboratory of Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Korea.
Abstract
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PURPOSE: In this study, we attempted to ascertain the proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) peak characteristics of human gastric tissue layers and finally to use the metabolic peaks of MRS to distinguish between normal and abnormal gastric specimens.
MATENRIALS AND METHODS: Ex-vivo 1H MRS examinations of thirty-five gastric specimens were performed to distinguish abnormal gastric tissues invaded by carcinoma cells from normal stomach-wall tissues. High-resolution 400-MHz (9.4-T) 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of two gastric layers, a proper muscle layer, and a composite mucosa- submucosa layer were compared with those of clinical 64- MHz (1.5-T) MR spectra. Three-dimensional spoiled gradient recalled (SPGR) images were used to determine the size and the position of a voxel for MRS data collection.
RESULTS
For normal gastric tissue layers, the metabolite peaks of 400-MHz 1H MRS were primarily found to be as follows: lipids at 0.9 ppm and 1.3 ppm; alanine at 1.58 ppm; N-acetyl neuraminic acid (sialic acid) at 2.03 ppm; and glutathione at 2.25 ppm in common. The broad and feature-less spectral peaks of the 64-MHz MRS were bunched near 0.9, 1.3, and 2.0, and 2.2 ppm in human specimens without respect to layers. In a specimen (Borrmmann type III) with a tubular adenocarcinoma, the resonance peaks were measured at 1.26, 1.36 and 3.22 ppm. All the peak intensities of the spectrum of the normal gastric tissue were reduced, but for gastric tumor tissue layers, the lactate peak split into 1.26 and 1.39 ppm, and the peak intensity of choline at 3.21 ppm was increased.
CONCLUSION
We found that decreasing lipids, an increasing lactate peak that split into two peaks, 1.26 ppm and 1.36 ppm, and an increasing choline peak at 3.22 ppm were markers of tumor invasion into the gastric tissue layers. This study implies that MR spectroscopy can be a useful diagnostic tool for gastric cancer.
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