The Effect of Resorbable Membrane on Bone Regeneration in Calvarial Defects of Rats

Park, Young Jun; Choi, Guen Ho; Jang, Jung Rok; Jung, Seung Gon; Kim, Young Joon; Yu, Min Gi; Kook, Min Suk; Oh, Hee Kyun; Ryu, Sun Youl; Park, Hong Ju

Abstract

PURPOSE
This research evaluates the effect of the use of absorbable membrane barrier with deproteinized bovine bone (Bio-Oss(R), Switzerland) on bone healing in surgically created critical-sized defects in rat calvaria.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Two standardized transosseous circular calvarial defects (5 mm in diameter) are made in each calvarium of 30 rats. These rats are divided into negative control group(n=15), positive control group(n=15) and two experimental groups(n=15). In the negative control group, defects are only filled with blood clots. In the positive control group, defects are filled with autogenous bone obtained from calvarium; in the experimental group 1, defects are filled with deproteinized bovine bone; and in the experimental group 2, defects are filled with deproteinized bovine bone with absorbable membrane. At the postoperative 1 week, 3 weeks, and 6 weeks, clinical, histologic and histomorphometric evaluations of the defects are performed.
RESULTS
1. The grafted bone without membrane in the calvarial bone defect was scattered but, the grafted bone with membrane was stable. 2. BioMesh(R) membrane was absorbed beginning at 3 weeks, and was absorbed considerably at 6 weeks while maintaining the structural form of the membrane. 3. The use of membrane blocked soft tissue invasion. 4. In histomorphometric analysis, it showed the greatest amout of new bone formation in the positive control group. The amount of new bone formation was greater in the experimental group 2 than experimental group 1. At 6 weeks, the amount of new bone formation was greater in the positive control group than experimental group 1(p<0.005).
CONCLUSION
These results suggest that membrane increase the stability of grafted bone and protects from soft tissue invasion, and the use of the membrane may promote new bone formation in deproteinized bovine bone graft area.