Korean J Physiol Pharmacol.  2013 Jun;17(3):197-201. 10.4196/kjpp.2013.17.3.197.

Anti-Oxidative Activity of Pectin and Its Stabilizing Effect on Retinyl Palmitate

Affiliations
  • 1College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea. jaehwi@cau.ac.kr
  • 2Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea. jhjeong3@cau.ac.kr

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the anti-oxidative activity of pectin and other polysaccharides in order to develop a cosmeceutical base having anti-oxidative effects towards retinyl palmitate (RP). The anti-oxidative stabilizing effects of pectin and other polysaccharides on RP were evaluated by DPPH assay and then the stabilizing effect of pectin on RP was examined as a function of time. Among the polysaccharides we examined, pectin exhibited a considerably higher anti-oxidative activity, with an approximately 5-fold greater DPPH radical scavenging effect compared to other polysaccharides. The DPPH radical scavenging effect of pectin increased gradually with increasing concentrations of pectin. At two different RP concentrations, 0.01 and 0.1% in ethanol, addition of pectin improved the stability of RP in a concentration dependent manner. The stabilizing effect of pectin on RP was more effective for the lower concentration of RP (0.01%, v/v). Further, degradation of RP was reduced following the addition of pectin as measured over 8 hours. From the results obtained, it can be suggested that pectin may be a promising ingredient for cosmeceutical bases designed to stabilize RP or other pharmacological agents subject to degradation by oxidation.

Keyword

Anti-oxidative effect; Cosmeceuticals; Pectin; Polysaccharides; Retinyl palmitate

MeSH Terms

Ethanol
Pectins
Polysaccharides
Vitamin A
Ethanol
Pectins
Polysaccharides
Vitamin A

Figure

  • Fig. 1 Chemical structures of the repeating units of pectin (A), xanthan gum (B), HPMC (C), chitosan (D), and sodium alginate (E).

  • Fig. 2 Scavenging effects of various polysaccharides at a concentration of 0.5 mg/ml. Asterisks (*) indicate a significant difference (p<0.05) from the other formulations. Data are presented as the mean±SD (n=3).

  • Fig. 3 Anti-oxidative activities exhibited by pectin as a function of concentration. Data are presented as the mean±SD (n=3).

  • Fig. 4 Stabilizing effects of pectin on RP solubilized in ethanol at concentrations of 0.01 and 0.1% (v/v) evaluated after 2 hours. Asterisks (*) indicate a significant difference (p<0.05) from the formulation without pectin. Data are presented as the mean±SD (n=3).

  • Fig. 5 Changes in concentrations of RP in ethanol (A, 0.01%, v/v RP; B, 0.1%, v/v RP) and the effect of pectin on the stability profiles of RP. Data are presented as the mean±SD (n=3).


Cited by  1 articles

Pectin Micro- and Nano-capsules of Retinyl Palmitate as Cosmeceutical Carriers for Stabilized Skin Transport
Jieun Ro, Yeongseok Kim, Hyeongmin Kim, Kyunghee Park, Kwon-Eun Lee, Prakash Khadka, Gyiae Yun, Juhyun Park, Suk Tai Chang, Jonghwi Lee, Ji Hoon Jeong, Jaehwi Lee
Korean J Physiol Pharmacol. 2015;19(1):59-64.    doi: 10.4196/kjpp.2015.19.1.59.


Reference

1. Boehnlein J, Sakr A, Lichtin JL, Bronaugh RL. Characterization of esterase and alcohol dehydrogenase activity in skin. Metabolism of retinyl palmitate to retinol (vitamin A) during percutaneous absorption. Pharm Res. 1994; 11:1155–1159. PMID: 7971717.
2. Draelos ZD. The cosmeceutical realm. Clin Dermatol. 2008; 26:627–632. PMID: 18940543.
Article
3. Serri R, Iorizzo M. Cosmeceuticals: focus on topical retinoids in photoaging. Clin Dermatol. 2008; 26:633–635. PMID: 18940544.
Article
4. Guenin EP, Zatz JL. Skin permeation of retinyl palmitate from vescicles. J Soc Cosmet Chem. 1995; 46:261–270.
5. Sorg O, Tran C, Carraux P, Grand D, Hügin A, Didierjean L, Saurat JH. Spectral properties of topical retinoids prevent DNA damage and apoptosis after acute UV-B exposure in hairless mice. Photochem Photobiol. 2005; 81:830–836. PMID: 15760277.
Article
6. Antille C, Tran C, Sorg O, Carraux P, Didierjean L, Saurat JH. Vitamin A exerts a photoprotective action in skin by absorbing ultraviolet B radiation. J Invest Dermatol. 2003; 121:1163–1167. PMID: 14708621.
Article
7. Idson B. Vitamins in cosmetics, an update I. overview and vitamin A. Drug Cosmet Ind. 1990; 146:26–91.
8. Ihara H, Hashizume N, Hirase N, Suzue R. Esterification makes retinol more labile to photolysis. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 1999; 45:353–358. PMID: 10524354.
Article
9. Carlotti ME, Rossatto V, Gallarate M, Trotta M, Debernardi F. Vitamin A palmitate photostability and stability over time. J Cosmet Sci. 2004; 55:233–252. PMID: 15264052.
Article
10. Carlotti ME, Rossatto V, Gallarate M. Vitamin A and vitamin A palmitate stability over time and under UVA and UVB radiation. Int J Pharm. 2002; 240:85–94. PMID: 12062504.
Article
11. Ihara H, Hashizume N, Hirase N, Suzue R. Esterification makes retinol more labile to photolysis. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 1999; 45:353–358. PMID: 10524354.
Article
12. Sane A, Limtrakul J. Formation of retinyl palmitate-loaded poly(l-lactide) nanoparticles using rapid expansion of supercritical solutions into liquid solvents (RESOLV). J Supercrit Fluid. 2009; 51:230–237.
Article
13. Carlotti ME, Rossatto V, Gallarate M, Trotta M, Debernardi F. Vitamin A palmitate photostability and stability over time. J Cosmet Sci. 2004; 55:233–252. PMID: 15264052.
Article
14. Maxwell EG, Belshaw NJ, Waldron KW, Morris VJ. Pectin -An emerging new bioactive food polysaccharide. Trends Food Sci Tech. 2011; 24:64–73.
15. Wong TW, Colombo G, Sonvico F. Pectin matrix as oral drug delivery vehicle for colon cancer treatment. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2011; 12:201–214. PMID: 21194013.
Article
16. Yamaguchi T, Takamura H, Matoba T, Terao J. HPLC method for evaluation of the free radical-scavenging activity of foods by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 1998; 62:1201–1204. PMID: 9692204.
Article
17. Rice Evans CA, Miller NJ, Paganga G. Antioxidant properties of phenolic compounds. Trends Plant Sci. 1997; 2:152–159.
18. Rice-Evans CA, Miller NJ, Paganga G. Structure-antioxidant activity relationships of flavonoids and phenolic acids. Free Radic Biol Med. 1996; 20:933–956. PMID: 8743980.
Article
19. Denès JM, Baron A, Renard CM, Péan C, Drilleau JF. Different action patterns for apple pectin methylesterase at pH 7.0 and 4.5. Carbohydr Res. 2000; 327:385–393. PMID: 10990023.
Article
20. García-Ochoa F, Santos VE, Casas JA, Gómez E. Xanthangum: production, recovery, and properties. Biotechnol Adv. 2000; 18:549–579. PMID: 14538095.
21. Fatimi A, Tassin JF, Quillard S, Axelos MA, Weiss P. The rheological properties of silated hydroxypropylmethylcellulose tissue engineering matrices. Biomaterials. 2008; 29:533–543. PMID: 17996292.
Article
22. Shin-ya Y, Lee M, Hinode H, Kajiuchi T. Effects of N-acetylation degree on N-acetylated chitosan hydrolysis with commercially available and modified pectinases. Biochem Eng J. 2001; 7:85–88. PMID: 11150799.
Article
23. Becker TA, Kipke DR, Brandon T. Calcium alginate gel: a biocompatible and mechanically stable polymer for endovascular embolization. J Biomed Mater Res. 2001; 54:76–86. PMID: 11077405.
Article
Full Text Links
  • KJPP
Actions
Cited
CITED
export Copy
Close
Share
  • Twitter
  • Facebook
Similar articles
Copyright © 2024 by Korean Association of Medical Journal Editors. All rights reserved.     E-mail: koreamed@kamje.or.kr