J Korean Acad Nurs.  2011 Feb;41(1):119-128. 10.4040/jkan.2011.41.1.119.

Analysis of Multi-variate Recurrent Fall Risk Factors in Elderly People Using Residential Assessment Instrument-Home Care: Comparisons between Single and Recurrent Fallers

• Yoo IY

• KMID: 1007015
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2011.41.1.119

Abstract

PURPOSE
This study was done to determine the risk factors for recurrent fallers (2+falls) compared to single fallers.
METHODS
Participants were 104 community-dwelling people 65 yr of age or older. The data were collected from June 1, 2008 to June 30, 2009 using the Residential Assessment Instrument-Home Care.
RESULTS
Over the past 90 days, 55.7% of the 104 participants fell once, and 44.2% experienced recurrent falls (2+falls). In comparison of recurrent fallers with single fallers, there were significant differences in scores on the following factors: gender (chi2=4.22, p=.040), age (chi2=5.74, p=.017), educational level (chi2=5.22, p=.022), living arrangements (chi2=35.02, p<.001), cardiovascular diseases (chi2=17.10, p<.001), hypertension (chi2=4.43, p=.035), diabetes mellitus (chi2=4.44, p=.035), glaucoma (chi2=13.95, p<.001), Minimal Data Set (MDS)-Pain (t=-2.56, p=.012), fear of falling (chi2=4.08, p=.034), reduced vision (t=-3.06, p=.003), MDS-activity of daily living (t=3.46, p=.001), MDS-Instrumental Activities of daily living (t=3.24, p=.002), cognition (MDS-Cognition Performance Scale) (t=3.40, p=.001), and 'difficulties entering and leaving the house' (chi2=4.53, p=.033).
CONCLUSION
It is important to assess the risk factors for recurrent falls and develop differentiated strategies that will help prevent recurrent falls. Additionally, utilizing a standardized tool, such as RAI-HC, would help health professionals assess multi-variate fall risk factors to facilitate comparisons of different community care settings.

Keyword

Elderly; Recurrent; Falls

MeSH Terms

Accidental Falls/*prevention & control/statistics & numerical data
Activities of Daily Living
Age Factors
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Cardiovascular Diseases/complications
Cognition
Diabetes Complications
Educational Status
Fear
Female
Glaucoma/complications
Home Care Services
Humans
Hypertension/complications
Male
Risk Factors
Sex Factors
Vision, Low/complications