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Connecting the dots between SHP2 and glutamate receptors

Ryu HH, Kim SY, Lee YS

SHP2 is an unusual protein phosphatase that functions as an activator for several signaling pathways, including the RAS pathway, while most other phosphatases suppress their downstream signaling cascades. The physiological...
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Meta-analysis on the Efficacy of Glutamate Receptor Antagonists for Acute Migraine Treatment

Kim S, Baek IH

BACKGROUND: Glutamate is implicated in the pathophysiology of migraine, a common neurological disorder. Therefore, glutamate receptor antagonists (GluRAs) have been suggested as a novel migraine treatment that are able to...
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Dexmedetomidine and propofol sedation requirements in an autistic rat model

Elmorsy SA, Soliman GF, Rashed LA, Elgendy H

BACKGROUND: Autism is a challenging neurodevelopmental disorder. Previous clinical observations have suggested altered sedation requirements for children with autism. Our study aimed to test this observation experimentally in an animal...
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Cocaine- and Amphetamine-Regulated Transcript (CART) Peptide Plays Critical Role in Psychostimulant-Induced Depression

Meng Q, Kim HC, Oh S, Lee YM, Hu Z, Oh KW

Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) peptide is a widely distributed neurotransmitter expressed in the central nervous systems. Previously, several reports demonstrated that nucleus accumbal-injected CART peptide positively modulated behavioral sensitization...
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Korean red ginseng excitation of paraventricular nucleus neurons via non-N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor activation in mice

Shen Y, Bhattarai , Park SJ, Lee GS, Ryu PD, Han SK

It has been reported that Korean red ginseng (KRG), a valuable and important traditional medicine, has varied effects on the central nervous system, suggesting its activities are complicated. The paraventricular...
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Dual control of the vestibulosympathetic reflex following hypotension in rats

Park SE, Jin YZ, Park BR

Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is associated with symptoms including headache, dizziness, and syncope. The incidence of OH increases with age. Attenuation of the vestibulosympathetic reflex (VSR) is also associated with an...
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Association between Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 1 Polymorphism and Cardiovascular Disease in Korean Adults

Shin Y, Park J, Won S, Kim Y

OBJECTIVE: The mGluR1 (metabotropic glutamate receptor 1) gene, a G protein–coupled receptor, is known to mediate perceptions of umami tastes. Genetic variation in taste receptors may influence dietary intake, and...
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Action of Mitochondrial Substrates on Neuronal Excitability in Rat Substantia Gelatinosa Neurons

Lee HI, Chun SW

Recent studies indicate that mitochondria are an important source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the spinal dorsal horn. In our previous study, application of malate, a mitochondrial electron transport...
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Mechanisms of Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis and Prevention: The Brain, Neural Pathology, N-methyl-D-aspartate Receptors, Tau Protein and Other Risk Factors

Kocahan S, DoÄŸan Z

The characteristic features of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are the appearance of extracellular amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the intracellular environment, neuronal death and the loss of synapses, all...
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The Role of Visceral Hypersensitivity in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Pharmacological Targets and Novel Treatments

Farzaei MH, Bahramsoltani R, Abdollahi , Rahimi R

  • KMID: 2433449
  • J Neurogastroenterol Motil.
  • 2016 Oct;22(4):558-574.
  • doi: 10.5056/jnm16001
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most common disorder referred to gastroenterologists and is characterized by altered bowel habits, abdominal pain, and bloating. Visceral hypersensitivity (VH) is a multifactorial process...
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Functional Connections of the Vestibulo-spino-adrenal Axis in the Control of Blood Pressure Via the Vestibulosympathetic Reflex in Conscious Rats

Lu HJ, Li MH, Li MZ, Park SE, Kim MS, Jin YZ, Park BR

Significant evidence supports the role of the vestibular system in the regulation of blood pressure during postural movements. In the present study, the role of the vestibulo-spino-adrenal (VSA) axis in...
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Effect of Glutamate on the Vestibulo-Solitary Projection after Sodium Nitroprusside-Induced Hypotension in Conscious Rats

Li LW, Jin GS, Yang YZ, Ameer AN, Kim MS, Park BR, Jin YZ

Orthostatic hypotension is most common in elderly people, and its prevalence increases with age. Attenuation of the vestibulo-sympathetic reflex (VSR) is commonly associated with orthostatic hypotension. In this study, we...
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Low Non-NMDA Receptor Current Density as Possible Protection Mechanism from Neurotoxicity of Circulating Glutamate on Subfornical Organ Neurons in Rats

Chong W, Kim SN, Han SK, Lee SY, Ryu PD

The subfornical organ (SFO) is one of circumventricular organs characterized by the lack of a normal blood brain barrier. The SFO neurons are exposed to circulating glutamate (60~100 microM), which...
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Effects of Dizocilpine (MK-801) via Up-modulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) Receptors on Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury in Neonatal Rats

Kim JH, Lee HJ, Lee EJ, Choi EJ, Kim JK, Chung HL, Kim WT

OBJECTIVE: Several studies have demonstrated the neuroprotective effects of (+)-MK-801 hydrogen maleate (dizocilpine), in various animal models of hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury. However limited data are available on the neonatal...
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Chronic renal failure induces cell death in rat hippocampal CA1 via upregulation of alphaCaMKII/NR2A synaptic complex and phosphorylated GluR1-containing AMPA receptor cascades

Kim JW, Ha GY, Jung YW

BACKGROUND: N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-isoxazole-4-propinoic acid (AMPA) receptors bound to postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95) and alpha isoform of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (alphaCaMKII) is fundamentally involved in the regulation of working...
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Dietary Glutamate: Interactions With the Enteric Nervous System

Wang GD, Wang XY, Xia Y, Wood JD

  • KMID: 2381148
  • J Neurogastroenterol Motil.
  • 2014 Jan;20(1):41-53.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Digestion of dietary protein elevates intraluminal concentrations of glutamate in the small intestine, some of which gain access to the enteric nervous system (ENS). Glutamate, in the central nervous...
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Psychiatric Implication for the Regulation of AMPA Receptor

Oh D, Lee E

  • KMID: 2299868
  • Korean J Biol Psychiatry.
  • 2013 Feb;20(1):1-5.
Glutamate receptors are important components of synaptic transmission in the nervous system. Especially, alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) receptors mediate most abundant excitatory synaptic transmission in the brain. There is elaborate...
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Glycine- and GABA-mimetic Actions of Shilajit on the Substantia Gelatinosa Neurons of the Trigeminal Subnucleus Caudalis in Mice

Yin H, Yang EJ, Park SJ, Han SK

Shilajit, a medicine herb commonly used in Ayurveda, has been reported to contain at least 85 minerals in ionic form that act on a variety of chemical, biological, and physical...
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Somatostatin Inhibits Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone Neuronal Activities in Juvenile Mice

Park SA, Bhattarai , Han SK

BACKGROUND: The gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons perform a pivotal function in the central regulation of fertility. Somatostatin (SST) is an important neuromodulatory peptide in the central nervous system and...
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Pathogenic Molecular Mechanisms of Glutamatergic Synaptic Proteins in Alzheimer's Disease

Yang J, Oh D

  • KMID: 2299968
  • Korean J Biol Psychiatry.
  • 2010 Nov;17(4):194-202.
Alzheimer's disease(AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder and constitutes about two thirds of dementia. Despite a lot of effort to find drugs for AD worldwide, an efficient medicine that...
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