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Combination therapy of liothyronine and levothyroxine for hypothyroidism-induced dilated cardiomyopathy

Choi Y, Jung SY, Park JM, Suh J, Shin EJ, Chae HW, Kim HS, Kwon A

Thyroid hormone plays a vital role in regulating human metabolism. They affect the functions of major organs, such as the brain, liver, skeletal muscle, and heart. Hypothyroidism can lead to...
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Cushing disease in pediatrics: an update

Concepción-Zavaleta MJ, Armas CD, Quiroz-Aldave JE, García-Villasante EJ, Gariza-Solano AC, Durand-Vásquez MdC, Concepción-Urteaga LA, Zavaleta-Gutiérrez FE

Cushing disease (CD) is the main cause of endogenous Cushing syndrome (CS) and is produced by an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-producing pituitary adenoma. Its relevance in pediatrics is due to the...
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The utilization of basal luteinizing hormone in combination with the basal luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone ratio as a diagnostic tool for central precocious puberty in girls

Chotipakornkul N, Onsoi W, Numsriskulrat N, Aroonparkmongkol S, Supornsilchai V, Srilanchakon K

Purpose: Intravenous gonadotropin-releasing hormone (IV GnRH) testing is the gold standard for confirming a central precocious puberty (CPP) diagnosis. However, this test is not widely available commercially. Therefore, our study...
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A case of maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 4 in Korea

Park GM, Lee S, Seo JY, Lim KI

Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a rare, autosomal dominant disease characterized by non-ketogenic diabetes mellitus (DM). MODY type 4, caused by PDX1 mutation, is a very rare subtype...
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Denosumab use in osteogenesis imperfecta: an update on therapeutic approaches

Majdoub F, Ferjani HL, Nessib DB, Kaffel D, Maatallah K, Hamdi W

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is an inherited skeletal disorder that leads to bone fragility and multiple fractures. Given advances in the genetic understanding of existing phenotypes and newly discovered mutations, therapeutic...
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Cutoff values of body mass index for severe obesity in Korean children and adolescents: the 99th percentile versus 120% of the 95th percentile

Choe J, Kim J, Moon JS

Purpose: Several definitions for severe obesity have been used, primarily the 99th percentile of the body mass index (BMI) and 120% of the 95th BMI percentile. This study aimed to...
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Short-term effect of growth hormone treatment in childhood leukemia survivors with growth hormone deficiency

Shin C, Jang MJ, Kim S, Lee JW, Chung NG, Cho B, Jung MH, Suh BK, Ahn MB

Purpose: Survivors of childhood leukemia are at risk of growth impairment due to intensive chemotherapy and radiation treatments. This study investigated the auxological and biochemical characteristics of childhood leukemia survivors...
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Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on the physique of school-age children in Japan

Takaya J, Higashino H, Takaya R, Sakaguchi H, Tanoue J, Higashide T, Moriguchi H, Nakao M, Takai Y

Purpose: Schools in Japan were closed nationwide from March to May 2020 because of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Many suspect that this school closure affected children’s mental and...
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The effect of hypothalamic involvement and growth hormone treatment on cardiovascular risk factors during the transition period in patients with childhood-onset craniopharyngioma

Park SH, Lee YJ, Cheon JE, Shin CH, Jung HW, Lee YA

Purpose: Hypothalamic damage may increase the risk of adulthood obesity and cardiovascular disease in patients with craniopharyngioma. We evaluated the effects of hypothalamic involvement (HI) and growth hormone (GH) discontinuation...
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Molecular basis and genetic testing strategies for diagnosing 21-hydroxylase deficiency, including CAH-X syndrome

Kim JH, Kim GH, Yoo HW, Choi JH

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a group of autosomally recessive disorders that result from impaired synthesis of glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid. Most cases (~95%) are caused by mutations in the CYP21A2...
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