J Korean Diabetes.
2024 Jun;25(2):62-68. 10.4093/jkd.2024.25.2.62.
Do Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Have the Same Vascular Complications?
- Affiliations
-
- 1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- KMID: 2556755
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.4093/jkd.2024.25.2.62
Abstract
- Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes can lead to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and high mortality rates. The differing risks and vascular outcomes associated with these two types of diabetes are subjects of ongoing debate, necessitating further research. The recent increase in type 2 diabetes prevalence presents a significant challenge to global health due to its strong link with CVD. The elevated CVD risk in individuals with diabetes compared to those without is influenced by various factors. These include common cardiovascular risk factors such as high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, hypertension, and smoking, as well as diabetes-specific factors like HbA1c level and micro- or macroalbuminuria. Some of these risk factors are modifiable, while others, such as age, sex, and type of diabetes, are not. Notably, older individuals with well-managed type 2 diabetes can often achieve CVD risk levels similar to that of the general population. Conversely, younger individuals with type 1 diabetes generally struggle to reach similar risk levels, likely due to the prolonged and cumulative effects of hyperglycemia. The comparison of CVD risks between type 1 and type 2 diabetes is complex and influenced by a variety of factors. This statement aims to provide a thorough overview of the current knowledge regarding diabetes-related cardiovascular risks, with a special focus on the differences between type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
