1. Tristram S, Jacobs MR, Appelbaum PC. Antimicrobial resistance in
Haemophilus influenzae
. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2007; 20(2):368–389. PMID:
17428889.
2. Langereis JD, de Jonge MI. Invasive disease caused by Nontypeable
Haemophilus influenzae
. Emerg Infect Dis. 2015; 21(10):1711–1718. PMID:
26407156.
3. Kim JS, Jang YT, Kim JD, Park TH, Park JM, Kilgore PE, et al. Incidence of
Haemophilus influenzae type b and other invasive diseases in South Korean children. Vaccine. 2004; 22(29-30):3952–3962. PMID:
15364444.
4. Wang S, Tafalla M, Hanssens L, Dolhain J. A review of
Haemophilus influenzae disease in Europe from 2000-2014: challenges, successes and the contribution of hexavalent combination vaccines. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2017; 16(11):1095–1105. PMID:
28971707.
5. Gilsdorf JR. Hib vaccines: their impact on
Haemophilus influenzae Type b disease. J Infect Dis. 2021; 224(12):Suppl 2. S321–S330. PMID:
34590133.
6. Kim IS, Ki CS, Kim S, Oh WS, Peck KR, Song JH, et al. Diversity of ampicillin resistance genes and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in
Haemophilus influenzae strains isolated in Korea. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2007; 51(2):453–460. PMID:
17116681.
7. Hoban D, Felmingham D. The PROTEKT surveillance study: antimicrobial susceptibility of
Haemophilus influenzae and
Moraxella catarrhalis from community-acquired respiratory tract infections. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2002; 50(Suppl S1):49–59. PMID:
12239228.
8. Bae S, Lee J, Lee J, Kim E, Lee S, Yu J, et al. Antimicrobial resistance in
Haemophilus influenzae respiratory tract isolates in Korea: results of a nationwide acute respiratory infections surveillance. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2010; 54(1):65–71. PMID:
19884366.
9. Mason EO Jr, Kaplan SL, Lamberth LB, Hinds DB, Kvernland SJ, Loiselle EM, et al. Serotype and ampicillin susceptibility of
Haemophilus influenzae causing systemic infections in children: 3 years of experience. J Clin Microbiol. 1982; 15(4):543–546. PMID:
6978349.
10. Skaare D, Anthonisen IL, Kahlmeter G, Matuschek E, Natås OB, Steinbakk M, et al. Emergence of clonally related multidrug resistant
Haemophilus influenzae with penicillin-binding protein 3-mediated resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins, Norway, 2006 to 2013. Euro Surveill. 2014; 19(49):20986. PMID:
25523969.
11. Skaare D, Allum AG, Anthonisen IL, Jenkins A, Lia A, Strand L, et al. Mutant
ftsI genes in the emergence of penicillin-binding protein-mediated beta-lactam resistance in
Haemophilus influenzae in Norway. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2010; 16(8):1117–1124. PMID:
19737286.
12. Park C, Kim KH, Shin NY, Byun JH, Kwon EY, Lee JW, et al. Genetic diversity of the
ftsI gene in β-lactamase-nonproducing ampicillin-resistant and β-lactamase-producing amoxicillin-/clavulanic acid-resistant nasopharyngeal
Haemophilus influenzae strains isolated from children in South Korea. Microb Drug Resist. 2013; 19(3):224–230. PMID:
23308379.
13. Kubota T, Higa F, Kusano N, Nakasone I, Haranage S, Tateyama M, et al. Genetic analyses of beta-lactamase negative ampicillin-resistant strains of
Haemophilus influenzae isolated in Okinawa, Japan. Jpn J Infect Dis. 2006; 59(1):36–41. PMID:
16495632.
14. Osaki Y, Sanbongi Y, Ishikawa M, Kataoka H, Suzuki T, Maeda K, et al. Genetic approach to study the relationship between penicillin-binding protein 3 mutations and
Haemophilus influenzae beta-lactam resistance by using site-directed mutagenesis and gene recombinants. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2005; 49(7):2834–2839. PMID:
15980357.
15. Hasegawa K, Chiba N, Kobayashi R, Murayama SY, Iwata S, Sunakawa K, et al. Rapidly increasing prevalence of beta-lactamase-nonproducing, ampicillin-resistant
Haemophilus influenzae type b in patients with meningitis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2004; 48(5):1509–1514. PMID:
15105098.
16. Lee E, Park S, Kim M, Lee J. Trend of antibiotic susceptibility of Haemophilus influenzae isolated from children, 2014–2019. Pediatr Infect Vaccine. 2020; 27(3):147–157.
17. The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. Breakpoint tables for interpretation of MICs and zone diameters. Version 14.0, 2024. Updated 2024. Accessed March 18, 2024.
http://www.eucast.org
.
18. Clifford RJ, Milillo M, Prestwood J, Quintero R, Zurawski DV, Kwak YI, et al. Detection of bacterial 16S rRNA and identification of four clinically important bacteria by real-time PCR. PLoS One. 2012; 7(11):e48558. PMID:
23139793.
19. van Ketel RJ, de Wever B, van Alphen L. Detection of
Haemophilus influenzae in cerebrospinal fluids by polymerase chain reaction DNA amplification. J Med Microbiol. 1990; 33(4):271–276. PMID:
2258914.
20. Han MS, Jung HJ, Lee HJ, Choi EH. Increasing prevalence of group III penicillin-binding protein 3 mutations conferring high-level resistance to beta-lactams among nontypeable
Haemophilus influenzae isolates from children in Korea. Microb Drug Resist. 2019; 25(4):567–576. PMID:
30484742.
21. Ubukata K, Shibasaki Y, Yamamoto K, Chiba N, Hasegawa K, Takeuchi Y, et al. Association of amino acid substitutions in penicillin-binding protein 3 with beta-lactam resistance in beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant
Haemophilus influenzae
. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2001; 45(6):1693–1699. PMID:
11353613.
22. García-Cobos S, Campos J, Lázaro E, Román F, Cercenado E, García-Rey C, et al. Ampicillin-resistant non-beta-lactamase-producing
Haemophilus influenzae in Spain: recent emergence of clonal isolates with increased resistance to cefotaxime and cefixime. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2007; 51(7):2564–2573. PMID:
17470649.
23. Kwak YH, Jung HS, Park SE, Park JY, Kim EC, Lee HJ, et al. Serotypes and antimicrobial susceptibility in clinical isolates of
Haemophilus influenzae from Korean children in prevaccination era. J Korean Med Sci. 2000; 15(6):616–622. PMID:
11194185.
24. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. CLSI Supplement M100. 34th ed. Wayne, PA, USA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute;2024.
25. Ferjani S, Sassi I, Saidani M, Mhiri E, Ghariani A, Boutiba Ben Boubaker I, et al. Polymorphism of
ftsI gene in
Haemophilus influenzae and emergence of cefotaxime resistance in two Tunisian hospitals. New Microbes New Infect. 2020; 36:100690. PMID:
32489667.
26. Mizoguchi A, Hitomi S. Cefotaxime-non-susceptibility of
Haemophilus influenzae induced by additional amino acid substitutions of G555E and Y557H in altered penicillin-binding protein 3. J Infect Chemother. 2019; 25(7):509–513. PMID:
30879978.