J Yeungnam Med Sci.  2023 Nov;40(Suppl):S65-S72. 10.12701/jyms.2023.00661.

Comparison of serum anti-Müllerian hormone between unilateral and bilateral ovarian endometriomas during follicular, luteal, and random menstrual phases: a retrospective study

• Lee J
• Kim JM
• Chong GO
• Hong DG
• Lee YH

• KMID: 2548344
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.12701/jyms.2023.00661

Abstract

Background
Over the last two decades, serum levels of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) have been shown to be reliable markers of ovarian reserve. This study aimed to compare baseline serum AMH levels and well-controlled clinical factors between patients with unilateral and bilateral ovarian endometriomas during the menstrual phase.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective study. We enrolled 136 patients aged 18 to 36 years who were diagnosed with unilateral or bilateral ovarian endometriomas. Serum AMH levels of all patients and their latest two to three menstrual cycles were measured before surgery for ovarian endometriomas. The latest menstrual cycle length ranged from 26 to 30 days. Patients with irregular menstruation, a recent medication history of hormonal drugs other than oral contraceptive pills, a previous history of ovarian surgery, or any medical history influencing ovarian function were excluded.
Results
Of the 136 patients, 76 (55.9%) had unilateral ovarian endometriomas and 60 (44.1%) had bilateral ovarian endometriomas. Serum AMH levels were not significantly different between the two groups in the follicular phase, luteal phase, or at any random time point.
Conclusion
Serum AMH levels were not significantly different between unilateral and bilateral ovarian endometriomas in the follicular and luteal phases, or at any random time during the menstrual cycle when various confounding factors were excluded.

Keyword

Anti-Müllerian hormone; Endometrioma; Endometriosis; Menstrual phase; Ovarian reserve

Figure

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  Fig. 1. Flow diagram for patient selection. a)Includes premature ovarian failure and liver transplantation donor. b)Includes gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist or dienogest. AMH, anti-Müllerian hormone.

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  Fig. 2. Two ways to determine the length of the menstrual cycle in the cohort. The last menstrual period (white bar) is used to calculate the length of the follicular phase. (A) Patients whose first menstruation day before and after the anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) measurement can be ascertained. (B) Patients whose menstrual cycle length after AMH measurement cannot be ascertained, but the two latest regular menstrual cycles before the AMH measurement can be determined.

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  Fig. 3. Comparison of the mean serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level between unilateral and bilateral ovarian endometriomas according to the timing of the measurement. Statistical significance is evaluated using a Student t-test (*despite the small number, statistical significance is evaluated using a Student t-test because both datasets show normality).

Reference

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