Restor Dent Endod.  2023 May;48(2):e14. 10.5395/rde.2023.48.e14.

Effect of an aluminum chloride hemostatic agent on the dentin shear bond strength of a universal adhesive

• Kim S
• Choi Y
• Park S

• KMID: 2548217
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e14

Abstract

Objectives
This study investigated the effect of an aluminum chloride hemostatic agent on the shear bond strength (SBS) of a universal adhesive to dentin.
Materials and Methods
Eighty extracted human molars were trimmed at the occlusal dentin surfaces and divided mesiodistally. According to hemostatic agent application, specimens were randomly allocated into control (C) and hemostatic agent (Traxodent; H) groups. Each group was divided into 4 subgroups according to the adhesive system (n = 20): Scotchbond Multi-Purpose (SBER), Clearfil SE Bond (CLSE), All-Bond Universal etch-and-rinse mode (ALER), and All-Bond Universal self-etch mode (ALSE). SBS was measured for half of the specimens at 24 hours, and the other half were thermocycled in water baths (group T). Fracture surfaces were examined to determine the failure mode. The SBS was measured, and data were analyzed using 1-way analysis of variance, the Student’s t-test, and the Tukey honestly significant difference test (p = 0.05).
Results
No significant differences in SBS were found between groups C and H for any adhesive system at 24 hours. After thermocycling, a statistically significant difference was observed between CT+ALSE and HT+ALSE (p < 0.05). When All-Bond Universal was applied to hemostatic agent-contaminated dentin, the SBS of H+ALSE was significantly lower than that of H+ALER (p< 0.05). The SBER subgroups showed no significant differences in SBS regardless of treatment and thermocycling.
Conclusions
When exposed dentin was contaminated by an aluminum chloride hemostatic agent before dentin adhesive treatment, application of All-Bond Universal in etch-and-rinse mode was superior to self-etch mode.

Keyword

Adhesive; Dentin; Hemostatics; Shear bond strength

Figure

• 

  Figure 1 Schematic representation of the experimental procedure and testing groups.SBER, Scotchbond Multi-Purpose; CLSE, Clearfil SE Bond; ALER, All-Bond Universal in etch-and-rinse mode; ALSE, All-Bond Universal in self-etch mode; SBS, shear bond strength; SEM, scanning electron microscopy.

• 

  Figure 2 Failure modes after the shear bond strength test. The most prominent failure mode was adhesive failure except for HT+ALER. All HT+ALSE specimens showed adhesive failure.C, control; H, hemostatic agent application; T, thermocycling; SBER, Scotchbond Multi-Purpose; CLSE, Clearfil SE Bond; ALER, All-Bond Universal in etch-and-rinse mode; ALSE, All-Bond Universal in self-etch mode.

• 

  Figure 3 Scanning electron microscopy images of specimens with All-Bond Universal after Traxodent application (A-E; ×1,000, F; ×2,000). (A) Image of H+ALER specimen. (B) Image of HT+ALER specimen. (C) Image of H+ALSE specimen. (D) Image of HT+ALSE specimen. Gaps were observed between the dentin and adhesive layer (black arrow). (E) Adhesive layers of HT+ALSE specimen. Multiple pores were noted above the adhesive layers of the HT+ALSE tooth. (F) Dentin surfaces of HT+ALSE specimen in the area where adhesive failure occurred. Obstructed dentinal tubules were shown on the dentin surface of the HT+ALSE tooth.H, hemostatic agent application; T, thermocycling; ALER, All-Bond Universal in etch-and-rinse mode; ALSE, All-Bond Universal in self-etch mode.

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