Restor Dent Endod.  2023 Feb;48(1):e9. 10.5395/rde.2023.48.e9.

The effects of gingival blood flow on pulpal blood flow detection using ultrasound Doppler flowmetry: animal study

• Kim D
• Ko HS
• Park SY
• Ryu SY
• Park Sh

• KMID: 2548177
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e9

Abstract

Objectives
This study evaluated the effect of adjacent gingival blood flow on detection of pulpal blood flow (PBF) using ultrasound Doppler flowmetry (UDF) through animal study.
Materials and Methods
The study included 36 right and left maxillary the third incisors and canines in 9 experimental dogs. The study included 2 main steps: In the first step, the pulse sound level (PSL) was recorded on the cervical part of each tooth without flap elevation (Group 1), with flap elevation (Group 2), and after it was repositioned in place (Group 3). In the second step, the PSL was recorded on the cervical part of each tooth (Group 4), after pulpotomy (Group 5), after partial pulp extirpation (Group 6), after complete extirpation (Group 7), and after canal filling (Group 8). In Groups 5–8, the study was performed with and without flap elevation in the left and right teeth, respectively. The PSL was graded as follows: 0, inaudible; 1, heard faintly; and 2, heard well. The difference between each group was analyzed using Friedman’s test with Wilcoxon signed-rank tests (α = 0.05).
Results
In step 1, the PSL results were Group 1 > 2 and 3. In step 2, there was no significant difference between the groups when the flap was not elevated, while PSL results were Group 4 > 5 ≥ 6 and 7 ≥ 8 when the flap was elevated.
Conclusions
PBF is affected by gingival blood flow when measured with UDF. UDF measurements require isolation of gingiva from the tooth.

Keyword

Ultrasound doppler flowmetry; Pulpal blood flow; Gingival blood flow; Animal study

Figure

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  Figure 1 Preferred Reporting Items for Animal studies in Endodontology (PRIASE) 2021 Flowchart of present study.UDF, ultrasound Doppler flowmetry; PBF, pulpal blood flow; NRF, National Research Foundation of Korea.*Figure adapted from Nagendrababu et al. [22]. For further details visit: http://pride-endodonticguidelines.org/priase/.

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  Figure 2 Effect of flap on pulse sound level.The number above the bar graph indicates the frequency.NF, no flap; F, flap; FR, flap repositioned.

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  Figure 3 Effect of flap on pulse sound level in each endodontic procedure in the no flap groups (A) and flap groups (B). The number above the bar graph indicates the frequency.

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  Figure 4 Representative pulse spectrum for each pulse sound level.

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