J Korean Acad Pediatr Dent.  2023 Aug;50(3):263-276. 10.5933/JKAPD.2023.50.3.263.

Assessment of the Object Detection Ability of Interproximal Caries on Primary Teeth in Periapical Radiographs Using Deep Learning Algorithms

• Jeon H
• Kim S
• Choi N

• KMID: 2545434
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5933/JKAPD.2023.50.3.263

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of a model using You Only Look Once (YOLO) for object detection of proximal caries in periapical radiographs of children. A total of 2016 periapical radiographs in primary dentition were selected from the M6 database as a learning material group, of which 1143 were labeled as proximal caries by an experienced dentist using an annotation tool. After converting the annotations into a training dataset, YOLO was trained on the dataset using a single convolutional neural network (CNN) model. Accuracy, recall, specificity, precision, negative predictive value (NPV), F1-score, Precision-Recall curve, and AP (area under curve) were calculated for evaluation of the object detection model’s performance in the 187 test datasets. The results showed that the CNN-based object detection model performed well in detecting proximal caries, with a diagnostic accuracy of 0.95, a recall of 0.94, a specificity of 0.97, a precision of 0.82, a NPV of 0.96, and an F1-score of 0.81. The AP was 0.83. This model could be a valuable tool for dentists in detecting carious lesions in periapical radiographs.

Keyword

Object Detection; Dental Caries; Deep Learning; Radiographs