Child Health Nurs Res.  2023 Apr;29(2):111-127. 10.4094/chnr.2023.29.2.111.

Healthy lifestyle interventions for childhood and adolescent cancer survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis

• Kang KA
• Han SJ
• Chun J
• Kim HY
• Oh Y
• Yoon H

• KMID: 2542130
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4094/chnr.2023.29.2.111

Abstract

Purpose
This study investigated the effects of healthy lifestyle interventions (HLSIs) on health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) in childhood and adolescent cancer survivors (CACS).
Methods
Major databases were searched for English-language original articles published between January 1, 2000 and May 2, 2021. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs were included. Quality was assessed using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool, and a meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.3 software.
Results
Nineteen studies were included. Significant effects on HR-QoL were found for interventions using a multi-modal approach (exercise and education) (d=-0.46; 95% confidence interval [CI]=-0.84 to -0.07, p=.02), lasting not less than 6 months (d=-0.72; 95% CI=-1.15 to -0.29, p=.0010), and using a group approach (d=-0.46; 95% CI=-0.85 to -0.06, p=.02). Self-efficacy showed significant effects when HLSIs provided health education only (d=-0.55; 95% CI=-0.92 to -0.18; p=.003), lasted for less than 6 months (d=-0.40; 95% CI=-0.69 to -0.11, p=.006), and were conducted individually (d=-0.55; 95% CI=-0.92 to -0.18, p=.003). The physical outcomes (physical activity, fatigue, exercise capacity-VO2, exercise capacity-upper body, body mass index) revealed no statistical significance.
Conclusion
Areas of HLSIs for CACS requiring further study were identified, and needs and directions of research for holistic health management were suggested.

Keyword

Systematic review; Meta-analysis; Cancer survivors; Healthy lifestyle