Healthc Inform Res.  2023 Jan;29(1):4-15. 10.4258/hir.2023.29.1.4.

Healthcare Information Technology: A Systematic Mapping Study

• Belmonte EM
• Tortosa SO
• Ortega LdM
• Gutiérrez-Martínez JM

• KMID: 2539393
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4258/hir.2023.29.1.4

Abstract

Objectives
This paper presents a systematic mapping of studies related to information systems and technology in the field of healthcare, enabling a visual mapping of the different lines of knowledge that can provide an overview of the scientific literature in this field. This map can help to clarify critical aspects of healthcare informatics, such as the main types of information systems, the ways in which they integrate with each other, and the technological trends in this field.
Methods
Systematic mapping refers to a process of classifying information in a given area of knowledge. It provides an overview of the state of the art in a particular discipline or area of knowledge, establishing a map that describes how knowledge is structured in that particular area. In this study, we proposed and carried out a specific implementation of the methodology for mapping. In total, 1,619 studies that combine knowledge related to information systems, computer science, and healthcare were selected and compiled from prestigious publications.
Results
The results established a distribution of the available literature and identified papers related to certain research questions, thereby providing a map of knowledge that structures the different trends and main areas of research, making it possible to address the research questions and serving as a guide to deepen specific aspects of the field of study.
Conclusions
We project and propose future research for the trends that stand out because of their interest and the possibility of exploring these topics in greater depth.

Keyword

Health Information Technologies, Information System, Biomedical Technology, Medical Informatics, Hospital Information System

Figure

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  Figure 1 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist.

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  Figure 2 Primary keywords.

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  Figure 3 Analysis of the co-occurrence of primary keywords.

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  Figure 4 Comparison of relevant results for secondary keywords. IT: information technology, SOA: service-oriented architecture, HIS: health information system, CIS: clinical information system, RIS: radiology information system, PACS: picture archiving and communication system, ICD: International Classification of Diseases, EHR: Electronic Health Record, CPT: Current Procedural Terminology, LOINC: Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes, DICOM: Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine, HL7: Health Level 7.

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  Figure 5 Analysis of the co-occurrence of secondary keywords (block I). IT: information technology, SOA: service-oriented architecture, HIS: health information system, CIS: clinical information system, RIS: radiology information system, PACS: picture archiving and communication system, HL7: Health Level 7.

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  Figure 6 Analysis of the co-occurrence of secondary keywords (block II). IT: information technology, SOA: service-oriented architecture, HIS: health information system, CIS: clinical information system, RIS: radiology information system, PACS: picture archiving and communication system, HL7: Health Level 7, ICD: International Classification of Diseases, CPT: Current Procedural Terminology, LOINC: Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes, DICOM: Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine, EHR: Electronic Health Record.

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  Figure 7 Historical trends in the keywords. IT: information technology, HIS: health information system, CIS: clinical information system, SOA: service-oriented architecture, HL7: Health Level 7, ICD: International Classification of Diseases, EHR: Electronic Health Record, LOINC: Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes, RIS: radiology information system, PACS: picture archiving and communication system, CPT: Current Procedural Terminology, DICOM: Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine.

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  Figure 8 Set of secondary keywords according to their relevance. SOA: service-oriented architecture, HIS: health information system, CIS: clinical information system, RIS: radiology information system, PACS: picture archiving and communication system, ICD: International Classification of Diseases, EHR: Electronic Health Record, LOINC: Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes, DICOM: Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine, HL7: Health Level 7.

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  Figure 9 Map of technologies and information systems. SOA: service-oriented architecture, HIS: health information system, CIS: clinical information system, RIS: radiology information system, PACS: picture archiving and communication system, EHR: Electronic Health Record, LOINC: Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes, DICOM: Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine, HL7: Health Level 7.

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