J Vet Sci.  2022 Sep;23(5):e64. 10.4142/jvs.22048.

Effects of feed intake and water hardness on fluralaner pharmacokinetics in layer chickens

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul UniversityCerrahpasa, Istanbul 34500, Turkey
  • 2Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale 71450, Turkey

Abstract

Background
Fluralaner is a novel drug belonging to the isoxazoline class that acts on external parasites of domestic animals. It is used systemically via drinking water, especially against red poultry mite in layer chickens. Fluralaner is frequently used in layers infected with D. gallinae. However, no study to date has investigated the effects of feed intake and water hardness.
Objectives
This study aimed to investigate the effects of variable water hardness and feed intake on the pharmacokinetic profile of fluralaner.
Methods
Layer chickens were divided into four groups (n = 8): fed + purified water (Group 1), feed restricted + purified water (Group 2), feed restricted + hard water (Group 3), and feed restricted + soft water (Group 4). After administering a single dose of the drug with drinking water, the blood samples were collected for 21 days. Fluralaner concentrations in plasma samples were determined by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. The maximum plasma concentration (C max ), time to reach maximum plasma concentration (t max ), area under the concentration–time curve values (AUC 0-21d ), half-life (t 1/2 ), and other pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated.
Results
Although the highest maximum plasma concentration (C max) was determined in Group 1 (fed + purified water), no statistically significant difference was found in the C max , t max , t 1/2 , MRT 0-inf_obs , Vz/F obs , and Cl/F _obs parameters between the experimental groups.
Conclusions
It was concluded that the feed intake or water hardness did not change the pharmacokinetic profile of fluralaner in layer chickens. Therefore, fluralaner could be used before or after feeding with the varying water hardness in poultry industry.

Keyword

Isoxazoles/pharmacokinetics; fluralaner; antiparasitic agents/pharmacokinetics; area under curve; food-drug interactions; poultry; fasting
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