Anat Biol Anthropol.  2021 Dec;34(4):111-117. 10.11637/aba.2021.34.4.111.

Leonardo da Vinci, a Pioneer of the Sectional Anatomy

• Yu M
• Kim D
• Rhyu IJ

• KMID: 2525637
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.11637/aba.2021.34.4.111

Abstract

Cross-sections allow us to better understand anatomical three-dimensional structures by providing depth perception. Cross-sections are also the basis for modern imaging technologies used in the medical field such as ultrasounds, computed tomography images (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Sectional anatomy is essential not only for understanding the structure and function of the human body, but for establishing accurate diagnosis and treatment planning. As shown, the importance of cross- sectional anatomy in conjunction with radiology is well recognized. Interestingly, numerous cross-sectional drawings were seen in Leonardo da Vinci’s anatomical notes from the 15th~16th century. Most these have distinctive descriptions of anatomy and were not seen in anatomy textbooks and atlases at that time. We studied Leonardo’s drawings to understand why he employed a sectional view of the human body. Leonardo da Vinci developed techniques to depict multiple angles of an object and applied these techniques in his drawing of the human body. By comparing the similarity of human and machine design, he aimed to comprehend the component’s movement and transmission of power into different parts. Further, he invented the technique of architectural cross-section drawing, and applied this method to anatomy study. He mentioned the importance of sectional view in the course of his patella research. It is assumed that his utilization of sectional anatomy was to locate ‘Senso Commune’ where human soul was presumed to be placed. In this context, we could see that Leonardo employed the sectional anatomy to analyze the structure and function of the human body.

Keyword

Leonardo da Vinci; Anatomical achievement; Sectional anatomy; History of anatomy