Arch Craniofac Surg.  2018 Dec;19(4):248-253. 10.7181/acfs.2018.02096.

New anthropometric data for preoperative planning in orbital wall fracture treatment: the use of eyelid drooping

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea. shyanglee@naver.com

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The presence of enophthalmos is an important determinant in the decision of orbital wall fracture surgery. We proposed eyelid drooping as a new anthropometric diagnostic measure and analyzed whether eyelid drooping is associated with enophthalmos.
METHODS
This retrospective study was performed from January 2014 to December 2016. A total of 75 patients with blowout fractures were studied. One experimenter measured the degree of enophthalmos using a Hertel exophthalmometer at 1 week after trauma and at 3 months after surgery. The height change of the upper eyelid was measured using the marginal reflex distance (MRD) on both sides, and the degree of eyelid drooping was calculated by comparing the two lengths. We analyzed statistically the correlation between enophthalmos and eyelid drooping.
RESULTS
We found a highly significant correlation between the degree of enophthalmos and the reduction rate of MRD (RRM, as an indicator of eyelid drooping) at 1 week after trauma (r = 0.845). Approximately 2.0 mm of enophthalmos was associated with a 30.8% reduction in MRD on the affected side as compared with the normal side. At 3 months after surgery, patients showed improved eyelid appearance, with a moderate association between enophthalmos and RRM.
CONCLUSION
We demonstrated that the degree of enophthalmos, measured using an exophthalmometer, is associated with a change in the height of the upper eyelid. Thus, upper eyelid drooping can be used as another indicator for orbital wall fracture surgery. Compared with conventional methods, measurements of eyelid drooping are easy to perform, offering a great advantage and understanding to the patient.

Keyword

Anthropometry; Enophthalmos; Orbital fractures

MeSH Terms

Anthropometry
Enophthalmos
Eyelids*
Humans
Orbit*
Orbital Fractures
Reflex
Retrospective Studies
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