The Torsional Status of Normal Koreans

Park, Sang Woo

Abstract

PURPOSE
We propose the criteria of cyclotorsion in patients of various torsional strabismus by describing the normal range of torsional state in normal Koreans. METHODS: Included were 296 eyes of 148 persons with no strabismus history and normal cyclofusion in Bagolini striated glass test from October 2003 to April 2004. Double Maddox rod test was done to detect subjective torsional state. Objective torsional state was obtained from fundus photography. Horizontal and vertical distance from the center of the optic nerve head to the fovea in fundus photographs was measured using computer program and the optic nerve head to foveal angle from horizontal line was calculated. RESULTS: By the fundus photograph, we determined the normal angle of the fovea from horizontal line crossing the center of the optic nerve head as 6.42 degrees and 0.30 disc diameter below the center of the optic nerve head. The mean difference in the height of the fovea was 0.16 disc diameter. In the double Maddox rod test, the mean angle of the right eye was -0.59 +/- 3.63 degree and that of the left eye was -0.99 +/- 3.91 degree. There was no specific relationship between the angle of double Maddox rod and the foveal angle measured from fundus photograph. CONCLUSIONS: In normal Koreans, the normal foveal angle from horizontal line is estimated to be 6~7 degrees with the normal range being about 0~13 degrees. That is very similar to the results of Bixenman and Von Noorden, reported in 1982.