1). Kim YT, Lee CS, Kim JH, Park JH. Clinical feature of degenerative lumbar scoliosis, J of Korea Spine Surg. 2001; 8:15–20.
2). Kostuik JP, Bentivoglio J. The incidence of low back pain in adult scoliosis. Spine. 1981; 6:268–273.
3). Robin GC, Span Y, Steinberg R, Makin M, Menczel J. Scoliosis in the elderly. A follow up study. Spine. 1982; 7:355–359.
4). Gelalis ID, Dawson E, Bernbeck J. The surgical treatment of low back pain. Phys Med Rehabil Clin North Am. 1998; 9:489–495.
5). Nasca RJ. Rationale for spinal fusion in lumbar sipnal stenosis. Spine. 1989; 14:451–454.
6). Nasca RJ. Surgical management of lumbar spinal steno -sis. Spine. 1987; 12:809–816.
7). Propst-Proctor SL, Bleck EE. Radiographic determination of lordosis and kyphosis in normal and scoliotic chil -dren. J Pediatr Orthop. 1983; 3:344–346.
8). Nash CL, Moe JH. A study of vertebral rotation. J Bone joint Surg[Am]. 1969; 61A:223.
Article
9). Grubb SA, Lipscomb HJ. Diagnostic findings in painful adults scoliosis. Spine. 1992; 17:518–527.
10). Epstein BS, Epstein JA, Jones MD. Symptomatic lumbar scoliosis with degenerative changes in the elderly. spine. 1979; 4:542–547.
Article
11). San Martino A, D’ Andria FM, San Martino C. The surgical treatment of nerve root compression caused by scoliosis of the lumbar spine. Spine. 1983; 8:261–265.
Article
12). Simmons ED, Simmons EH. Spinal stenosis with scoliosis. Spine. 1992; 17:S117–S120.
Article
13). Bruce E, Van Dam. Nonoperative treatment of adult scoliosis. Scoliosis, Ortho. clin. of North Am. 1988; 19:347–351.
14). Bridwell KH. Degenerative scoliosis. Bridwell KH, DeWald RL, editors. The textbook of spinal surgery. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven;1997. p. 777–795.
15). Pritchett JW, Bortel DT. Degenerative symptomatic lumbar scoliosis. Spine. 1993; 18:700–703.
Article
16). Benner B, Ehni G. Degenerative lumbar scoliosis. Spine. 1979; 4:548–552.
Article
17). Marchesi DG, Aebi M. Pedicle fixation devices in the treatment of adult lumbar scoliosis. Spine. 1992; 17:S304–S309.
Article
18). Grubb SA, Lipscomb HJ, Suh PB. Results of surgical treatment of painful adult scoliosis. Spine. 1994; 14:1619–1627.
Article
19). Grubb SA, Lipscomb HJ, Coonrad RW. Degenerative adult onset scoliosis, Spine. 1998; 13:241–245.
20). Booth KC, Bridwell KH, Lenke LG, Baldus CR, Blanke KM. Complications and predictive factors for the successful treatment of flatback deformity (fixed sagittal imbalance). Spine. 1999; 24:1712–1720.
Article
21). Jackson RP, McManus AC. Radiographic analysis of sagittal plane alignment and balance in standing volunteers and patients with low back pain matched for age, sex, and size: a prospective controlled clinical study. Spine. 1994; 19:1611–1618.
22). Kim WJ, Yeom JS, Kang JW, et al. The relationship between sagittal spinal alignment and surgical results in degenerative lumbar scoliosis with spinal stenosis. J of Korea Spine Surg. 2002; 9:133–142.
Article
23). Gelb DE, Lenke LG, Bridwell KH, Blanke K, McEnery KW. An analysis of sagittal apinal alignment in 100 asymptomatic middle and older aged volunteers. Spine. 1995; 20:1351–1358.