Korean J Adult Nurs.  2015 Feb;27(1):39-51. 10.7475/kjan.2015.27.1.39.

Development and Validation of the Hospital Violence Attitude Scale-18 (HVAS-18) for Clinical Nurses

• Ha EH
• Cho JY
• Kim JM

• KMID: 2298143
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2015.27.1.39

Abstract

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a Hospital Violence Attitude Scale-18 (HVAS-18) for clinical nurses.
METHODS
The HVAS-18 was developed and validated in 3 steps: Item generation through literature reviews and in-depth interviews, pilot study, and the validity and reliability tests using a test-retest technique. Forty-one items were initially extracted by 8 experts, and 18 items were finally developed by item and factor analysis. The final HVAS-18 was evaluated by 326 clinical nurses from seven general hospitals in three cities. The collected data were analyzed using factor analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Cronbach's alpha.
RESULTS
Five discrete factors emerged, which explained 64.0% of the total variance. Each five factor was labeled: Factor 1 (6 items) 'awareness'explained 18.2%; Factor 2 (4 items) 'response' explained 12.9%; Factor 3 (4 items) 'reaction' explained 12.9%; Factor 4 (2 items) 'result-nursing' explained 10.2%; and Factor 5 (2 items) 'result-violence offender' explained 9.6%. The internal consistency, Cronbach's alpha, was .87, and reliability of the sub-scales ranged from .72 to .83.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study indicate that HVAS-18 can be an useful, reliable, and valid instrument for measuring hospital violence attitude of clinical nurses.

MeSH Terms

Hospitals, General
Pilot Projects
Reproducibility of Results
Violence*