Korean J Adult Nurs.  2016 Feb;28(1):30-42. 10.7475/kjan.2016.28.1.30.

The Relationships among Social Support, Hope, Anxiety, and Depression in Patients Expecting to Receive Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

• Bae KR
• Kim S

• KMID: 2221706
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2016.28.1.30

Abstract

PURPOSE
This study aimed to examine the relationships among social support(family support, medical team support), hope, anxiety, and depression in patients with hematologic cancers before they received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) to obtain baseline data for developing a nursing intervention.
METHODS
The participants were 70 adult patients expecting to receive HSCT from 5 university hospitals in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, and Jeollanam-do regions. A cross-sectional survey was done using standardized instruments for social support (Tae's Family Support Scale and Professional Medical Support Scale), hope (Kim & Lee Hope Scale), anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale). The data were analyzed by SPSS/WIN 19.0 program using frequency, percentage, item mean and standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficient.
RESULTS
Hope was significantly correlated with social support (r=.40, p=.001), anxiety (r=-.40, p<.001) and depression (r=-.58, p<.001). Anxiety was correlated with depression (r=.54, p<.001).
CONCLUSION
The findings of this study show greater social support for patients who expect to receive HSCT is significantly correlated to a higher level of hope, as well as low levels of anxiety and depression. In nursing practice, clinical nurses may develop a nursing intervention to reinforce social support and hope, as well as reduce anxiety and depression for patients preparing for HSCT.

MeSH Terms

Adult
Anxiety*
Cross-Sectional Studies
Depression*
Gyeonggi-do
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation*
Hematopoietic Stem Cells*
Hope*
Hospitals, University
Humans
Jeollanam-do
Nursing
Seoul

Reference

1.Kim JA. New therapeutic modalities on hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Korean Journal of Medicine. 2010. 78(5):552–6.

2.Korea Stem Cell Transplantation Nurses Association. Annual number of BMT in KOREA [Internet]. 2014. [cited 2015 April 1]. Available from:. http://bmtnurse.org/ksctna/sc_resource/images/subtitle1_01.gif.

3.Chung SO., Chang SB., Lee WH., Kim JH. Relationship between spiritual health and depression of patients with hematologic malignancy. Journal of Korean Oncology Nursing. 2007. 7(1):56–67.

4.Park JA. The experienced of chemotherapy before stem cell transplantation in patients with hematologic malignancy. The Academy of Qualitative Research. 2015. 16(1):34–47.

5.Kang HR., Hong YJ., Hwang KA., Park MR., Chun SS., Lim NY. Stress and emotional status of patients undergone hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and their families. Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing. 2004. 7(2):115–26.

6.Tae YS. A study on the correlation between perceived social support and depression of the cancer patients. [master's thesis]. Seoul: Ewha Womans University;1986.

7.Ban JY., Park HR., Sohng KY. Hope and related variables in patients undergoing hemopoietic stem cell transplantation for leukemia. Journal of Korean Oncology Nursing. 2005. 5(2):116–25.

8.Kim BH., Kim JK., An JW. Subjectivity of hope among hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients. Journal of Human Subjectivity. 2015. 30:27–45.

9.Kim S. An empirical study of quality of life of autologous stem cell transplant patient: focused on perceived social support. [master's thesis]. Seoul: Kyung Hee University;2006.

10.An JW. Hope and quality of life of patients undergone hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. [master's thesis]. Seoul: Hanyang University;2009.

11.Jenkin PL., Linington A., Whittaker JA. A retrospective study of psychosocial morbidity in bone marrow transplantation. Psychosomatics. 1991. 32:65–71.

12.Kang YA., Yi MS. Ethnography on isolation unit for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: focusing on patients. Journal of Korean Oncology Nursing. 2009. 9(1):31–42.

13.Kim HJ., Sohng KY., Park HR., Choi DW. Perceived anxiety and uncertainty in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients to and from isolation unit. Korean Journal of Fundamental of Nursing. 2006. 13(3):428–36.

14.Lee SY., Park HR. Depression and depression relating variables in hemopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients with leukemia. Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing. 2006. 15(1):89–98.

15.Choi SE., Lee SY., Park HR., Park HR. The levels of anxiety and depression according to the stages of autologous and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Korean Journal of Hospice and Palliative care. 2005. 8(2):190–9.

16.Hoodin F., Uberti JP., Lynch TJ., Steele P., Ratanatharathorn V. Do negative or positive emotions differentially impact mortality after adult stem cell transplant? Bone Marrow Transplantation. 2006. 38:255–64.

17.Lee HJ., Sohn SK. Predictive factors of hope in patients with cancer. Korean Journal of Adult Nursing. 2000. 12(2):184–95.

18.Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. 2nd ed.Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates;1988.

19.Kim DS., Lee SW. Development of an instrument to measure hope for the cancer patients. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing. 1998. 28(2):441–56.

20.Zigmond AS., Snaith RP. The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. 1983. 67:361–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x.

21.Oh SM., Min KJ., Park DB. A comparison of normal, depressed and anxious groups: a study on the standardization of the hospital anxiety and depressed scale for Koreans. Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association. 1999. 38(2):289–96.

22.Kwak SY., Byeon YS. Factors influencing resilience of patients with hematologic malignancy. Korean Journal of Adult Nursing. 2013. 25(1):95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2013.25.1.95.

23.Jung AR., Yi MS. Predictive factors of supportive care needs in patients with hematologic malignancy. Korean Journal of Adult Nursing. 2011. 23(5):460–71.

24.Kang KA., Oh BJ. A correlation study of suffering, burden and meaning of life in cancer patients. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing. 2000. 30(2):331–41.

25.Tae YS., Kang ES., Lee MH., Park GJ. The relationship among perceived social support. hope and quality of life of cancer patients. Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing. 2001. 4(2):219–31.

26.Jung MJ., Lee HJ. Predictors of quality of life following HSCT recipients. Korean Journal of Adult Nursing. 2008. 20(2):156–67.

27.Ko EG., Yoo EK. A study on the experience of the treatment process of allogeneic BMT (Bone Marrow Transplantation) patients. Hanyang Journal of Medicine. 1998. 18(2):197–210.

28.Syrjala KL., Langer SL., Abrams JR., Storer B., Sanders JE., Flowers ME, et al. Recovery and long-term function after hematopoietic cell transplantation for leukemia or lymphoma. Journal of the American Medical Association. 2004. 291:2335–43.

29.Moon H., Lee JS. The effect of perceived social support and symptom distress of patients with cancer on hope. Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing. 1995. 4(1):27–44.

30.Bok JN., Sohng KY., Park HJ. Quality of life and family burden in hemopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients. Journal of Korean Oncology Nursing. 2005. 5(2):136–45.