J Korean Ophthalmol Soc.  2008 Mar;49(3):471-478. 10.3341/jkos.2008.49.3.471.

Photopic ON- and OFF- Responses in Korean Normal Subjects

• Park SE
• Chang JH
• Choi KS
• Lee JH
• Ohn YH

• KMID: 2211321
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2008.49.3.471

Abstract

PURPOSE
To explore the effects of stimulus duration, stimulus intensity, and background luminance on the amplitude and waveform of the ON- and OFF- responses of photopic ERG and to provide standard parameters of ON- and OFF- responses for normal Korean populations.
METHODS
Twenty normal subjects (20 eyes) were enrolled to record photopic ON-and OFF-responses using a contact lens electrode with built-in LEDs and an LED-driver. The influence of stimulus duration on wave amplitudes was studied at flash durations that varied from 5 to 200 ms. The influence of stimulus intensity was studied with 0.4, 0.7, 1.1, 1.4, 1.7, 1.9, 2.0, and 2.1 log cd/m2. In addition, the influence of background luminance was studied with 20, 30, 40, and 50 cd/m2.
RESULTS
Among 20 normal subjects, the d-waves in 16 subjects were isolated from b-waves with more than 50 ms of stimulus duration. The d-wave was observed for a 30-ms stimulus duration in 3 subjects and for a 100-ms duration in 1 subject. The amplitudes of the b-and d-waves increased as stimulus intensity was increased. The amplitudes of b-and d-waves decreased as background luminance was increased.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggest that the clinical use of ON-and OFF-response recording can be obtained with stimulus parameters from 100 to 150 ms in duration and a 1.7-2.1 log cd/m2 intensity under 30-40 cd/m2 background luminance.

Keyword

Electroretinography; Light-emitting diodes (LEDs); OFF-response; ON-response

MeSH Terms

Electrodes
Electroretinography

Figure

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  Figure 1. (A) LED-driver (size 20W×16D×6H cm, weight 800 gm; Mayo Co., Nagoya, Japan), (B) contact lens electrode with build-in white LEDs.

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  Figure 2. The ON- & OFF-responses of a normal human subject elicited with different stimulus durations. (2.1 log cd/m2 intensity, 40 cd/m2 background luminance)

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  Figure 3. Consistency of ON- & OFF-responses of normal human subjects elicited with different stimulus durations. (2.1 log cd/m2 intensity, 40 cd/m2 background luminance)

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  Figure 4. The averages of b- and d-wave amplitudes shown at different stimulus durations. (2.1 log cd/m2 intensity, 40 cd/m2 background luminance) (n=20)

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  Figure 5. The ON- & OFF-responses of a normal human subject elicited with different stimulus intensities. (150 ms duration, 40 cd/m2 background luminance)

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  Figure 6. Consistency of ON- & OFF-responses of normal human subjects elicited with different stimulus intensities. (150 ms duration, 40 cd/m2 background luminance)

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  Figure 7. The averages of b- and d-wave amplitudes shown at different stimulus intensities. (150 ms duration, 40 cd/m2 background luminance) (n=20)

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  Figure 8. The ON- & OFF-responses of a normal human subject elicited with different background luminances and intensities. (150 ms duration)

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  Figure 9. The average amplitudes of (a) b-wave and (b) d-wave amplitudes shown at different background luminances and intensities. (150 ms duration) (n=20)

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  Figure 10. Retinal rod and cone pathways. (From Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 1993; 91:701–73)

Reference

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