J Korean Soc Ther Radiol.  1994 Jun;12(2):191-200.

Therapeutic Effect of Combined Radiotherapy and Hyperthermia in Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma

• Kang KM
• Choi IB
• Kay CS
• Choi BO
• Chung SM
• Kim IA
• Han ST
• Sun HS
• Chung KW
• Shinn KS

Abstract

PURPOSE: This study was undertaken to show the clinical results of combined radiotherapy and hyperthermia in primary hepatoma.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Between December 1989 and March 1993, 50 patients with hepatomas were treated by combined radiotherapy and hyperthermia. Among them, we analyzed retrospectively 33 patients who received the complete course of treatment. The ages of the patients ranged from 36 to 75(mean age: 55.5 years). Twenty-six patients (78.8%) were men, and 7 (21.2%) were women. According to Child's classification, nine patients (27.3%) were A group, 9 (27.3%) were B group, 15 (45.4%) were C group. Radiation therapy was done by a 6 MV and 15 MV linear accelerator. Patients were treated with daily fractions of 150-180 cGy to doses of 2550 cGy - 4950 cGy (median: 3000 cGy). Local hyperthermia was done by 8 MHz RF capacitive heating device (Cancermia. Green Cross Co., Korea), 50-60 min/session, 1-2 sessions/wk, and 8.5 sessions (median number)/patients. We analyzed the prognostic factors including age, sex, tumor type, Child's classification, a-fetoprotein, liver cirrhosis, ascites, portal vein invasion, esophageal varix, number of hyperthermia, chemotherapy, total bilirubin level, Karnofsky performance status.
RESULTS
The overall 1-year survival was 24.2%, with a mean survival of 10 months. Of 33 patients, tumor regression (PR+MR) was seen in 30.4%, no response was seen in 52.2%, 17.4% patient was progressed. In patients who had tumor regression, the overall 1-year survival was 42.1% with a mean survival of 14 months. Factors influencing the survival were sex (p=0.05), tumor type (p=0.0248), Child's classification (p=0.0001), liver cirrhosis (p=0.0108), ascites (p=0.0009), and Karnofsky performance status (p=0.0028). Complications developed in 28 patients, including 18 hot pain, 5 fat necrosis, 3 transient fever, 2 nausea and vomiting.
CONCLUSION
In this study, the results suggests that combined radiotherapy and hyperthermia may improve the survival rate of hepatoma.

Keyword

Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma; Radiotherapy; Hyperthermia

MeSH Terms

Ascites
Bilirubin
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular*
Classification
Drug Therapy
Esophageal and Gastric Varices
Fat Necrosis
Female
Fever*
Heating
Hot Temperature
Humans
Hyperthermia, Induced
Karnofsky Performance Status
Liver Cirrhosis
Male
Nausea
Particle Accelerators
Portal Vein
Radiotherapy*
Retrospective Studies
Survival Rate
Vomiting
Bilirubin