J Korean Med Assoc.  2011 Feb;54(2):149-155. 10.5124/jkma.2011.54.2.149.

Climate change and human health

• Hong SJ
• Seo JH

• KMID: 2189136
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2011.54.2.149

Abstract

Climactic changes, especially global warming, are potentially the largest global threat to human health and the source of the greatest number of cases of disease. If current emissions and land use trends continue unchecked, future generations will face more serious conditions, including injury, disease, and death related to natural disasters and heat waves, higher rates of climate-related infections, widespread malnutrition, and more allergy and air pollutionrelated morbidity and mortality. This review highlights the relationship between global climate changes and human health and provides some suggestions for improvement. According to the Fourth Assessment Report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) published in 2007, global warming is caused by greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The most important GHG is carbon dioxide (CO2), which is released by the burning of fossil fuels and, to a lesser extent, by land use practices, followed by nitrous oxide and methane. IPCC predicts that global temperatures will rise 1.8degrees C-4.0degrees C by 2099. According to the report, we can expect a significant rise in sea levels, massive species extinctions, changes in storm and drought cycles, altered ocean circulation, and redistribution of vegetation after crossing the "tipping point" of global warming. Human health will be adversely affected by the accelerating climate change. This review stimulates health care providers to provide quality care to susceptible individuals confronting new threats from climactic changes, as well as to work toward a mitigation of the drivers of climate change at the individual, community, and policy levels as part of a long-term commitment to protecting public health.

Keyword

Climate change; Global warming; Health; Greenhouse gas; Protection

MeSH Terms

Burns
Carbon Dioxide
Climate
Climate Change
Disasters
Droughts
Extinction, Biological
Fossil Fuels
Global Warming
Health Personnel
Humans
Hypersensitivity
Infrared Rays
Malnutrition
Methane
Nitrous Oxide
Public Health
Social Responsibility
Carbon Dioxide
Fossil Fuels
Methane
Nitrous Oxide

Figure

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  Figure 1 Direction and magnitude of change of selected health impacts of climate change (From Parry ML, et al. Climate change 2007: impacts, adaptation and vulnerability. New York: Cambridge University Press; 2007. p. 418. Figure 8.3. Direction and magnitude of change of selected health impacts of climate change) [2].

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