Endocrinol Metab.  2014 Sep;29(3):240-247. 10.3803/EnM.2014.29.3.240.

Effects of Increased Iodine Intake on Thyroid Disorders

• Sun X
• Shan Z
• Teng W

• KMID: 2169459
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2014.29.3.240

Abstract

Iodine is a micronutrient essential for the production of thyroid hormones. Iodine deficiency is the most common cause of preventable mental impairment worldwide. Universal salt iodization (USI) has been introduced in many countries as a cost-effective and sustainable way to eliminate iodine deficiency disorders for more than 25 years. Currently, the relationship between USI and iodine excess has attracted more attention. Iodine excess can lead to hypothyroidism and autoimmune thyroiditis, especially for susceptible populations with recurring thyroid disease, the elderly, fetuses, and neonates. Nationwide USI was introduced in China in 1996. This review focused on the effects of iodine excess worldwide and particularly in China.

Keyword

Iodine excess; Universal salt iodization; Thyroid diseases

MeSH Terms

Aged
China
Fetus
Humans
Hypothyroidism
Infant, Newborn
Iodine*
Micronutrients
Thyroid Diseases
Thyroid Gland*
Thyroid Hormones
Thyroiditis, Autoimmune
Iodine
Micronutrients
Thyroid Hormones