Korean J Otolaryngol-Head Neck Surg.  2002 Nov;45(11):1063-1068.

Particle Image Velocimetry Measurements for the Study of Nasal Airflow

• Kim JK
• Kim SK
• Nam TW
• Lim CH
• Son YR
• Han CJ

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Several studies have utilized physical models or casts of the nasal cavity in an effort to understand the relationship between nasal anatomy and the distribution of inspired or expired airflow. This paper deals with the evaluation of nasal airflow characteristics during physiologic breathing in normal conditions. MATERIALS AND METHOD: The choana of a nasal model casting by a combination of rapid prototyping and solidification of clear silicone was connected to a pump that simulated physiological pressure in the upper airway system. Glycerin-water mixture was used as medium. The airstream was marked with polyvinyl spherical particles, and was observed through an solidificated clear silicone and analyzed with particle image velocimetry.
RESULTS
Turbulence is clearly visible at the level of the head of the middle turbinate. The maximal velocity was recorded at the superior meatus. The flow rate was highest at the middle meatus.
CONCLUSION
This model allows the investigation of airflow distribution and velocity under physiologic conditions. The main flow stream passes through the middle meatus.

Keyword

Aerodynamics; Particle image velocimetry; Human model; Nasal cavity

MeSH Terms

Head
Nasal Cavity
Polyvinyls
Respiration
Rheology*
Rivers
Silicones
Turbinates
Polyvinyls
Silicones