Clin Endosc.  2012 Sep;45(3):245-247.

Estimation by Gross Findings in Early Gastric Cancer

• Kim SG

Abstract

Endoscopic resection has been accepted as both minimally invasive and curative treatment modality for early gastric cancer (EGC). The widely accepted indication of endoscopic resection for EGC is small sized, differentiated mucosal cancer in which the risk of lymph node metastasis is negligible. Tumor size can be measured by conventional endoscopy, and chromoendoscopy, magnifying endoscopy, narrow band imaging, autofluorescence imaging can also be helpful for accurate estimation of tumor size. Pretreatment tumor histology can be assessed with endoscopic biopsy, and also be measured by confocal endomicroscopy (so called "virtual biopsy"). Although endoscopic ultrasonography may be helpful for the assessment of tumor depth in EGC, the accurate assessment of tumor depth can be performed by the typical findings in the conventional endoscopy, by which treatment modality can be decided according to the depth of tumor invasion.

Keyword

Early gastric cancer; Endoscopy; Tumor size

MeSH Terms

Biopsy
Endoscopy
Endosonography
Lymph Nodes
Narrow Band Imaging
Neoplasm Metastasis
Optical Imaging
Stomach Neoplasms

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Endoscopic features of mucosal cancer. (A) Smooth surface protrusion. (B) Shallow and even depression. (C) Erosion with smooth marginal elevation.

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  Fig. 2 Endoscopic features of submucosal cancer. (A) Irregular/nodular surface protrusion. (B) Irregular/nodular surface depression. (C) Deep ulcer with marked marginal elevation. (D) Fusion of converging folds. (E) Abrupt cutting of converging folds. (F) Clubbing of converging folds.

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