Imaging Sci Dent.  2013 Jun;43(2):129-134. 10.5624/isd.2013.43.2.129.

A unique case of Turner syndrome accompanying prolactinoma and unexpected elongated styloid process: Clinical and cone-beam computed tomographic features

• Evlice B
• Tatli U
• Yazicioglu I
• Evlice A
• Oztunc H

• KMID: 1974441
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5624/isd.2013.43.2.129

Abstract

Turner syndrome (TS) is one of the most common chromosomal abnormalities, with an estimated frequency among female live births of 1/2,000-3,000. The syndrome is characterized by the partial or complete absence of one X chromosome (45,X karyotype). We reported a unique case of a 40-year-old woman with TS accompanying unexpected elongated styloid process specific to Eagle syndrome (ES) and followed up-prolactinoma. The present article is the first report to define the cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) features of TS accompanying ES. Patients with TS carry various risks that make treatment more complicated; thus advanced imaging techniques for proper treatment and follow-up are extremely important. In the light of CBCT examination, craniofacial abnormalities specific to TS and accompanying syndromes such as the crowding of teeth especially in the maxillary anterior region caused by maxillary narrowness, micrognatic maxilla and mandible, relative mandibular retrusion, malocclusion, open-bite, and an elongated styloid process (length of 32.7 mm) on the right side were illustrated in detail.

Keyword

Turner Syndrome; Prolactinoma; Eagle Syndrome; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

MeSH Terms

Chromosome Aberrations
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
Craniofacial Abnormalities
Crowding
Eagles
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Light
Live Birth
Malocclusion
Mandible
Maxilla
Ossification, Heterotopic
Prolactinoma
Retrognathia
Temporal Bone
Tooth
Turner Syndrome
X Chromosome
Ossification, Heterotopic
Temporal Bone

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Wrist radiographs of the patient shows osteoporosis.

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  Fig. 2 Magnetic resonance image of the patient shows recurrent prolactinoma (microadenoma).

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  Fig. 3 Physical appearance of the patient emphasizes the characteristic features of Turner syndrome including hirsutism, prominent low-set ears, and micrognathia.

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  Fig. 4 A and B. Intraoral photographs of the patient show the crowded teeth, malocclusion, hypoplastic first maxillary premolars (black arrows in B), and prevalent microdontia.

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  Fig. 5 Panoramic reformatted conebeam CT (A) and panoramic (B) images show short dental roots, microdontia, crowded teeth, and restorations.

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  Fig. 6 Lateral (A) and frontal (B) views of three-dimensional cone-beam CT images of the patient show the crowding of teeth, especially in the maxillary anterior region, micrognathia, malocclusion, and open bite.

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  Fig. 7 Three-dimensional cone-beam CT image of the patient shows an elongated styloid process length of 32.7 mm.

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