J Vet Sci.  2006 Dec;7(4):327-332. 10.4142/jvs.2006.7.4.327.

Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of doxycycline in ostriches (Struthio camelus) at two different dose rates

• Abu-Basha
• Idkaidek N
• Hantash TM

• KMID: 1089478
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2006.7.4.327

Abstract

A bioavailability and pharmacokinetics study of doxycycline was carried out on 30 healthy ostriches after a single intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM) and oral dose of 15 mg/kg body weight. The plasma doxycycline concentration was determined by HPLC/UV at 0 (pretreatment), 0.08, 0.25, 0.5 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24 and 48 h after administration. The plasma concentration-time curves were examined using non-compartmental methods based on the statistical moment theory for only the higher dose. After IV administration, the elimination half-life (t(1/2beta)), mean residence time (MRT), volume of distribution at the steady-state (V(ss)), volume of distribution (Vd(area)) and total body clearance (Cl(B)) were 7.67 +/- 0.62 h, 6.68 +/- 0.86 h, 0.86 +/- 0.16 l/kg, 1.67 +/- 0.52 l/kg and 2.51 +/- 0.63 ml/min/kg, respectively. After IM and oral dosing, the mean peak plasma concentrations (C(max)) were 1.34 +/- 0.33 and 0.30 +/- 0.04 microgram/ml, respectively, which were achieved at a postadministration time (t(max)) of 0.75 +/- 0.18, 3.03 +/- 0.48 h, respectively. The t(1/2beta), Vd(area) and Cl(B) after IM administration were 25.02 +/- 3.98 h, 23.99 +/- 3.4 l/kg and 12.14 +/- 1.71 ml/min/kg, respectively and 19.25 +/- 2.53 h, 61.49 +/- 7 l/kg and 40.19 +/- 3.79 ml/min/kg after oral administration, respectively. The absolute bioavailability (F) of doxycycline was 5.03 and 17.52% after oral and IM administration, respectively. These results show that the dose data from other animals particularly mammals cannot be extrapolated to ostriches. Therefore, based on these results along with those reported in the literature, further studies on the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic, in vitro minimum inhibitory concentration values and clinical applications of doxycycline in ostriches are required.

Keyword

bioavailability; doxycycline; HPLC; ostriches; pharmacokinetics

MeSH Terms

Administration, Oral
Animals
Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage/blood/*pharmacokinetics
Area Under Curve
Biological Availability
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Doxycycline/administration & dosage/blood/*pharmacokinetics
Half-Life
Injections, Intramuscular/veterinary
Injections, Intravenous/veterinary
Struthioniformes/*metabolism

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Plasma concentration-time profile of doxycycline after an IV, IM and oral dose of 5 mg/kg body weight as determined by HPLC. The values are mean ± SE (n = 4).

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  Fig. 2 Plasma concentration-time profile of doxycycline after an IV, IM and oral dose of 15 mg/kg body weight as determined by HPLC. The values are mean ± SE (n = 10).

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