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Gastromalacia (Postmortem Gastric Perforation): Two Cases Reports

Kim DJ, Lee S

Gastromalacia refers to the postmortem acute autolytic erosion of the gastric wall. It should be distinguished from gastric perforations caused by antemortem injuries or other pathologic processes, such as ulcer...
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Metformin, an Activator of AMPK, Promotes the Growth of Hair Follicles via the AMPK/β-catenin Signaling Pathway

Moon HR, Park KY, Kang HJ, Lee WJ, Won CH, Chang SE, Lee MW, Choi JH, Park GH

  • KMID: 2449198
  • Korean J Dermatol.
  • 2019 May;57(4):175-181.
BACKGROUND: AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a serine/threonine protein kinase that plays a pivotal role in the balance of cellular energy metabolism. Recent studies have reported that AMPK has numerous...
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Endoscopic Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Pancreatoduodenal Groove Pathology: Report of Three Cases and Brief Review of the Literature

Oría IC, Pizzala JE, Villaverde AM, Spina JC, Pasqua AV, Lazarte JC, Mazza OM, Marcolongo MM

The pancreatoduodenal groove is a small area where pathologic processes involving the distal bile duct, duodenum, pancreatic head, ampulla of Vater, and retroperitoneum converge. Despite great advances in imaging techniques,...
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Pathophysiological Role of S-Nitrosylation and Transnitrosylation Depending on S-Nitrosoglutathione Levels Regulated by S-Nitrosoglutathione Reductase

Choi MS

Nitric oxide (NO) mediates various physiological and pathological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and inflammation. Protein S-nitrosylation (SNO), a NO-mediated reversible protein modification, leads to changes in the activity and...
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The Relationship between the Number of Manic Episodes and Oxidative Stress Indicators in Bipolar Disorder

Akarsu S, Bolu A, Aydemir E, Zincir SB, Kurt YG, Zincir S, Erdem M, Uzun O

OBJECTIVE: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic mood disorder characterized by recurrent episodes that has a lifetime prevalence of 0.4–5.5%. The neurochemical mechanism of BD is not fully understood. Oxidative...
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Up-regulation of NHE8 by somatostatin ameliorates the diarrhea symptom in infectious colitis mice model

Lei X, Cai L, Li X, Xu H, Geng C, Wang C

Na⁺/H⁺ exchangers (NHEs) have been shown to be involved in regulating cell volume and maintaining fluid and electrolyte homeostasis. Pooled evidences have suggested that loss of Na⁺/H⁺ exchanger isoform 8...
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An Emerging Role for Circular RNAs in Osteoarthritis

Yu CX, Sun S

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are currently classed as non-coding RNAs that, unlike the better known canonical linear RNAs, form a covalently closed continuous loop without 5′ or 3′ polarities. With the...
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Updated review of resistance to neuromuscular blocking agents

Jung KT, An TH

Since neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) were introduced to the surgical field, they have become almost mandatory for the induction and maintenance of anesthesia. However, resistance to NMBAs can develop in...
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The potential theragnostic (diagnostic+therapeutic) application of exosomes in diverse biomedical fields

Kim YS, Ahn JS, Kim S, Kim HJ, Kim SH, Kang JS

Exosomes are membranous vesicles of 30-150 nm in diameter that are derived from the exocytosis of the intraluminal vesicles of many cell types including immune cells, stem cells, cardiovascular cells...
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Analysis of Revision Surgery of Microsurgical Lumbar Discectomy

Inada T, Nishida S, Kawaoka T, Takahashi , Hanakita J

STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective study. PURPOSE: Our objectives were to determine the association between the pathological changes of disc herniation and the interval between primary and revision surgeries and to investigate...
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Intensely Pruritic Papules and Plaques in Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia

Lee S, Lee NR, Choe SJ, Kim BJ, Eom M, Choi EH

Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (WM) is lymphoplasmacytoid malignancy that affects B lymphocytes. Cutaneous involvement of WM is rare, but various cutaneous manifestations have been reported. These findings are due to various pathological...
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Participation of COX-1 and COX-2 in the contractile effect of phenylephrine in prepubescent and old rats

Guevara-Balcazar G, Ramirez-Sanchez I, Mera-Jimenez E, Rubio-Gayosso I, Aguilar-Najera ME, Castillo-Hernandez MC

Vascular reactivity can be influenced by the vascular region, animal age, and pathologies present. Prostaglandins (produced by COX-1 and COX-2) play an important role in the contractile response to phenylephrine...
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Elevated TRAF4 expression impaired LPS-induced autophagy in mesenchymal stem cells from ankylosing spondylitis patients

Li J, Wang P, Xie Z, Yang R, Li Y, Wu X, Su H, Deng W, Wang S, Liu Z, Cen S, Ouyang Y, Wu Y, Shen H

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a type of autoimmune disease that predominantly affects the spine and sacroiliac joints. However, the pathogenesis of AS remains unclear. Some evidence indicates that infection with...
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Animal Models of Demyelination and ¹H-Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Cho HB, Lee S, Park S, Kang I, Ma J, Jeong HS, Kim JE, Yoon S, Lyoo IK, Lim SM, Kim J

The proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H-MRS) is a tool used to detect concentrations of brain metabolites such as N-acetyl aspartate, choline, creatine, glutamate, and gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA). It has...
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Exosome-derived microRNAs in cancer metabolism: possible implications in cancer diagnostics and therapy

Tomasetti , Lee W, Santarelli L, Neuzil J

Malignant progression is greatly affected by dynamic cross-talk between stromal and cancer cells. Exosomes are secreted nanovesicles that have key roles in cell–cell communication by transferring nucleic acids and proteins...
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Changes in Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 Level in Patients with Sepsis and Septic Shock

Lee SH, Park BH, Song JH, Kim SY, Chung KS, Kim EY, Jung JY, Kim YS, Kim SK, Chang J, Park MS

BACKGROUND: Despite many ongoing, prospective studies on the topic, sepsis still remains one of the main causes of death in hospital. The hormone insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) has a...
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Sarcopenia, Frailty, and Diabetes in Older Adults

Jang HC

Populations are aging and the prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing tremendously. The number of older people with diabetes is increasing unexpectedly. Aging and diabetes are both risk factors for...
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Regulatory Roles of MAPK Phosphatases in Cancer

Low HB, Zhang Y

The mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are key regulators of cell growth and survival in physiological and pathological processes. Aberrant MAPK signaling plays a critical role in the development and progression...
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Ultrasonography and Ultrasound-guided Interventions of the Shoulder

Moon SH, Ko KP, Baek SI, Lee S

Nowadays shoulder ultrasound is commonly used in the assessment of shoulder diseases and is as accurate as magnetic resonance imaging in the detection of several pathologies. Operator dependence is the...
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A Consensus in Korea Regarding a Protocol to Reduce Preanalytical Sources of Variability in the Measurement of the Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease

Park SA, Kang JH, Kang ES, Ki CS, Roh JH, Youn YC, Kim SY, Kim SY

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) can provide vital informative about pathological processes occurring in the brain. In particular, the CSF concentrations of Abeta42, tTau, and pTau181 are useful for the early diagnosis...
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