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Effects of Sangju Honey on Oral Squamous Carcinoma Cells

Yee N, Kim H, Kim E, Cha YH, Ma L, Cho NE, Kim D, Kim CY, Kim SH, Ryoo Z, Yi J, Kim MO

Since ancient times, honey has been used in traditional medicine owing to its pharmacological effects. It possesses anticancer properties. However, the therapeutic implications of Sangju honey in cancer remains unknown....
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2-Aryl Propionic Acid Amide Modification of Naproxen and Ibuprofen Dimers for Anti-neuroinflammatory Activity in BV2 mouse Microglial Cells

Ju H, Pachhapure S, Mufida A, Kim A, Elmaleh DR, Choi S, Jang BC

Inflammation is a common link in the pathophysiology of many neurological illnesses, including Alzheimer’s disease. Activated glial cells contribute to neuroinflammation by producing pro-inflammatory mediators. Naproxen and ibuprofen are nonsteroidal...
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Natural Compound Shikonin Induces Apoptosis and Attenuates Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Radiation-Resistant Human Colon Cancer Cells

Shilnikova K, Piao MJ, Kang KA, Madushan Fernando PDS, Lakmini Herath HMU, Cho SJ, Hyun JW

Radiation resistance represents an imperative obstacle in the treatment of patients with colorectal cancer, which remains difficult to overcome. Here, we explored the anti-proliferative and migration-inhibiting properties of the natural...
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The Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway in Osteoblasts

Greenblatt MB, Shim JH, Bok S, Kim JM

Extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) are evolutionarily ancient signal transducers of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family that have long been linked to the regulation of osteoblast differentiation and bone formation....
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p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Is Involved in Interleukin-6 Secretion from Human Ligamentum Flavum–Derived Cells Stimulated by Tumor Necrosis Factor-α

Yagi K, Goto Y, Kato K, Suzuki N, Kondo A, Waseda Y, Mizutani J, Kawaguchi Y, Joyo Y, Waguri-Nagaya Y, Murakami H

Study Design: Human ligamentum flavum–derived cells (HFCs) were obtained from surgical samples for a basic experimental study. Purpose: We sought to evaluate the inflammatory response of human ligamentum flavum cells to...
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Sec-O-glucosylhamaudol mitigates inflammatory processes and autophagy via p38/JNK MAPK signaling in a rat neuropathic pain model

Oh SH, Kim SW, Kim DJ, Kim SH, Lim KJ, Lee K, Jung KT

Background: This study investigated the effect of intrathecal Sec-O-glucosylhamaudol (SOG) on the p38/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathways, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB)-related inflammatory responses, and autophagy...
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Rapamycin reduces orofacial nociceptive responses and microglial p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation in trigeminal nucleus caudalis in mouse orofacial formalin model

Yeo JH, Kim SJ, Roh DH

The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) plays a role in various cellular phenomena, including autophagy, cell proliferation, and differentiation. Although recent studies have reported its involvement in nociceptive responses in...
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Effect of BMS-470539 on lipopolysaccharide-induced neutrophil activation

Lee S, Ju W, Tin TD, Kim J, Lee JS, Park CH, Kwak SH

Background: BMS-470539, a recently introduced selective agonist of the melanocortin 1 receptor, is known to have anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we investigated the effects of BMS-470539 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced...
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Mannosylerythritol lipids ameliorate ultraviolet A-induced aquaporin-3 downregulation by suppressing c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation in cultured human keratinocytes

Bae IH, Lee SH, Oh S, Choi H, Marinho PA, Yoo JW, Ko JY, Lee ES, Lee TR, Lee CS, Kim DY

Mannosylerythritol lipids (MELs) are glycolipids and have several pharmacological efficacies. MELs also show skin-moisturizing efficacy through a yet-unknown underlying mechanism. Aquaporin-3 (AQP3) is a membrane protein that contributes to the...
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The Effects of Retinoic Acid and MAPK Inhibitors on Phosphorylation of Smad2/3 Induced by Transforming Growth Factor β1

Lee SH, Shin JH, Shin MH, Kim YS, Chung KS, Song JH, Kim SY, Kim EY, Jung JY, Kang YA, Chang J, Park MS

BACKGROUND: Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), retinoic acid (RA), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and MEK signaling play critical roles in cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. We investigated the effect...
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The Effect of Adiponectin on the Regulation of Filaggrin Expression in Normal Human Epidermal Keratinocytes

Choi SY, Kim MJ, Ahn GR, Park KY, Lee MK, Seo SJ

BACKGROUND: Adiponectin, an adipokine secreted from adipocytes, affects energy metabolism and also shows anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory properties. Recent studies have reported that adiponectin plays a role in regulating skin inflammation. OBJECTIVE:...
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Black soybean anthocyanins attenuate inflammatory responses by suppressing reactive oxygen species production and mitogen activated protein kinases signaling in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages

Kim JN, Han SN, Ha TJ, Kim HK

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Oxidative stress is closely related with inflammation and development of many diseases. Black soybean seed coat contains high amount of anthocyanins, which are well-known for free radical scavenging activities....
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Neuroprotective effects of erythropoietin against hypoxic injury via modulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and apoptosis

Jeong JE, Park JH, Kim CS, Lee SL, Chung HL, Kim WT, Lee EJ

PURPOSE: Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is a significant cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Erythropoietin (EPO) is emerging as a therapeutic candidate for neuroprotection. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the...
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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ is essential for secretion of ANP induced by prostaglandin D₂ in the beating rat atrium

Zhang Y, Li X, Liu LP, Hong L, Liu X, Zhang B, Wu CZ, Cui X

Prostaglandin Dâ‚‚ (PGDâ‚‚) may act against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury and play an anti-inflammatory role in the heart. Although the effect of PGDâ‚‚ in regulation of ANP secretion of the...
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Effect of High Glucose on MUC5B Expression in Human Airway Epithelial Cells

Ye SB, Choi YS, Choi YH, Bae CH, Kim YW, Park SY, Song SY, Kim YD

OBJECTIVES: Excessive production of mucus results in plugging of the airway tract, which can increase morbidity and mortality in affected patients. In patients with diabetes, inflammatory airway disease appears with...
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Attenuation of RANKL-induced Osteoclast Formation via p38-mediated NFATc1 Signaling Pathways by Extract of Euphorbia Lathyris L

Kang JH, Lim H, Jeong JE, Yim M

BACKGROUND: Osteoclasts are the only cell type capable of breaking down bone matrix, and its excessive activation is responsible for the development of bone-destructive diseases. Euphorbia lathyris L. (ELL) is...
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Effect of Therapeutic Hypothermia on Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathways in the Brain Tissue of a Swine Cardiac Arrest Model

Kye YC, Suh GJ, Kwon WY, Kim KS, You KM

PURPOSE: To investigate the change in mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways in the brain tissue after therapeutic hypothermia in the swine cardiac arrest model. METHODS: After the return of spontaneous circulation by...
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Anti-Proliferative Effects of Rutin on OLETF Rat Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Stimulated by Glucose Variability

Yu SH, Yu JM, Yoo HJ, Lee SJ, Kang DH, Cho YJ, Kim DM

PURPOSE: Proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) plays a crucial role in atherosclerosis. Rutin is a major representative of the flavonol subclass of flavonoids and has various pharmacological activities....
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Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Rosa rugosa Flower Extract in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW264.7 Macrophages

Tursun X, Zhao Y, Talat Z, Xin X, Tursun A, Abdulla R, AkberAisa

Rosa rugosa Thunb, a deciduous shrub of the genus Rosa, has been widely used to treat stomach aches, diarrhoea, pain, and chronic inflammatory disease in eastern Asia. In recent years,...
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Angiotensin III increases monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression in cultured human proximal tubular epithelial cells

Kim HW, Kim YO, Yoon SA, Han JS, Chun HB, Kim YS

BACKGROUND/AIMS: We investigated whether angiotensin III (Ang III) is involved in monocyte recruitment through regulation of the chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in cultured human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2...
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