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Assessment of the Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Effects of Chaetominine in a Human Leukemia Cell Line

Yao J, Jiao R, Liu C, Zhang Y, Yu W, Lu Y, Tan R

Chaetominine is a quinazoline alkaloid originating from the endophytic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus CY018. In this study, we showed evidence that chaetominine has cytotoxic and apoptotic effects on human leukemia K562...
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Naringenin-Mediated ATF3 Expression Contributes to Apoptosis in Human Colon Cancer

Song HM, Park GH, Eo HJ, Jeong JB

Naringenin (NAR) as one of the flavonoids observed in grapefruit has been reported to exhibit an anti-cancer activity. Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) is associated with apoptosis in human colon...
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iRhoms; Its Functions and Essential Roles

Lee MY, Nam KH, Choi KC

In Drosophila, rhomboid proteases are active cardinal regulators of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway. iRhom1 and iRhom2, which are inactive homologs of rhomboid intramembrane serine proteases, are lacking...
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Esculetin, a Coumarin Derivative, Inhibits Aldose Reductase Activity in vitro and Cataractogenesis in Galactose-Fed Rats

Kim CS, Kim J, Lee YM, Sohn E, Kim JS

Naturally occurring coumarin compounds have received substantial attention due to their pharmaceutical effects. Esculetin is a coumarin derivative and a polyphenol compound that is used in a variety of therapeutic...
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Blockade of P-Glycoprotein Decreased the Disposition of Phenformin and Increased Plasma Lactate Level

Choi MK, Song IS

This study aimed to investigate the in vivo relevance of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in the pharmacokinetics and adverse effect of phenformin. To investigate the involvement of P-gp in the transport of...
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Quercetin Directly Interacts with Vitamin D Receptor (VDR): Structural Implication of VDR Activation by Quercetin

Lee KY, Choi HS, Choi HS, Chung KY, Lee BJ, Maeng HJ, Seo MD

The vitamin D receptor (VDR) is a member of the nuclear receptor (NR) superfamily. The VDR binds to active vitamin D3 metabolites, which stimulates downstream transduction signaling involved in various...
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Effect of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation in Statin-Treated Obese Rats

Choi HK, Won EK, Choung SY

Statins, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, are known to cause serious muscle injuries (e.g. myopathy, myositis and rhabdomyolysis), and these adverse effects can be rescued by co-administration of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) with...
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Comparative Evaluation of Hepatoprotective Activities of Geniposide, Crocins and Crocetin by CCl4-Induced liver Injury in Mice

Chen P, Chen Y, Wang Y, Cai S, Deng L, Liu J, Zhang H

Iridoid glycosides (mainly geniposide) and crocetin derivatives (crocins) are the two major active constituents in Gardenia jasminoides Ellis. In the present study, geniposide, crocins, crocin-1 and crocetin were separated from...
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Apigenin Regulates Interleukin-1β-Induced Production of Matrix Metalloproteinase Both in the Knee Joint of Rat and in Primary Cultured Articular Chondrocytes

Park JS, Kim DK, Shin HD, Lee HJ, Jo HS, Jeong JH, Choi YL, Lee CJ, Hwang SC

We examined whether apigenin affects the gene expression, secretion and activity of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) in primary cultured rabbit articular chondrocytes, as well as in vivo production of MMP-3 in...
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Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Rosa rugosa Flower Extract in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW264.7 Macrophages

Tursun X, Zhao Y, Talat Z, Xin X, Tursun A, Abdulla R, AkberAisa

Rosa rugosa Thunb, a deciduous shrub of the genus Rosa, has been widely used to treat stomach aches, diarrhoea, pain, and chronic inflammatory disease in eastern Asia. In recent years,...
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Anthraquinone Glycoside Aloin Induces Osteogenic Initiation of MC3T3-E1 Cells: Involvement of MAPK Mediated Wnt and Bmp Signaling

Pengjam Y, Madhyastha H, Madhyastha R, Yamaguchi , Nakajima Y, Maruyama M

Osteoporosis is a bone pathology leading to increased fracture risk and challenging the quality of life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of an anthraquinone glycoside,...
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Aspirin-Triggered Resolvin D1 Inhibits TGF-β1-Induced EndMT through Increasing the Expression of Smad7 and Is Closely Related to Oxidative Stress

Shu Y, Liu Y, Li X, Cao L, Yuan X, Li W, Cao Q

The endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is known to be involved in the transformation of vascular endothelial cells to mesenchymal cells. EndMT has been confirmed that occur in various pathologic conditions. Transforming...
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Quinpirole Increases Melatonin-Augmented Pentobarbital Sleep via Cortical ERK, p38 MAPK, and PKC in Mice

Hong SI, Kwon SH, Hwang JY, Ma SX, Seo JY, Ko YH, Kim HC, Lee SY, Jang CG

Sleep, which is an essential part of human life, is modulated by neurotransmitter systems, including gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and dopamine signaling. However, the mechanisms that initiate and maintain sleep remain...
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